Saddle Nose Deformity Reconstruction with a Allograft Bone.

OBJECTIVE: Providing lasting cosmetic and functional results for patients with saddle nose deformity with allograft. METHODS: This report describes experience with using a of freeze-dried allograft bone allograft in 58 patients who underwent dorsal augmentation over 5-year period (2018-2023). Thirty-eight patients had saddle-shaped deformity of the nose, and 16 patients had post-traumatic cases with saddle nose deformities. All patients underwent a clinical examination using computed tomography. Before surgery using a 3D model, the graft was contoured according to the shape of the nasal defect. The grafts were installed using a closed approach and were placed under the periosteum of the bone. Using lateral photographs, anthropometric measurements of the nose were taken before and after surgery to assess aesthetic outcome after surgery. To assess the results of aesthetic rhinoplasty (UQ), the Portuguese version of the Utrecht Questionnaire was used, which contains a visual analogue scale (VAS) on a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS: A total of 56 patients were satisfied with the results of the surgical procedure. No complications or major graft resorption was observed. An analysis comparing preoperative and 1-year follow-up data using 3D scanning showed a significant increase in dorsal height without dorsal expansion. After rhinoplasty, the mean visual analog scale (VAS) aesthetic score improved significant from 2.3 preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively 8.4, and 8.9 1 year postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The use of freeze-dried allograft bone is a useful method of dorsal augmentation in rhinoplasty without donor site complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Joint Communication and Radar Sensing: RF Hardware Opportunities and Challenges-A Circuits and Systems Perspective.

This paper focuses on the topic of joint communication and radar sensing (JCRS) and its applications in the scope of upcoming sixth-generation (6G) technology. While the fifth-generation applications have reached the consumer market in the last few years, JCRS has been identified as one of the key technologies for next generation networks. The role of JCRS will vary, ranging from tasks such as radar coordination, context awareness for communication, enhanced security, increased availability, and improving the resilience and trustworthiness of future networks. In this work, the niche of JCRS technology in the future 6G ecosystem, as well as several potential applications, are discussed with a focus on RF hardware. The use of centimeter (cmWave) and millimeter (mmWave) frequency spectrums in the context of JCRS system implementation have been further elaborated. After presenting the near-term application scenarios, the circuit implementation perspectives are investigated in terms of radio frequency (RF) front-end architectures, antenna implementation, and phased arrays. Different communication and radar antenna options are compared, and the best candidates are identified. The packaging options are also presented. From circuit and system perspectives, link budget and self-interference cancellation (SIC) are highlighted. Furthermore, future directions including the next steps on the path to enabling JCRS technology are presented throughout this article. Prior works focused more on physical layers and network capabilities of JCRS systems, with less focus on hardware possibilities; to fill this gap, this article aims to contribute to this exciting research topic with a holistic review of RF hardware, highlighting the diversity of applications and the available technologies to tackle the near- and long-term needs of consumer applications.

Clinical advantages of improving the excessive gingival display (EGD) by surgical repositioning of the upper lip.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to minimize gingival display by surgical repositioning of the upper lip and to suggest this technique as an alternative treatment modality to orthognatic surgery for treatment of excessive gingival display. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients were selected with gingival display of more than 2 mm during maximal smiling. All patients underwent surgical repositioning of the upper lip, aimed at limiting elevator muscle activity to treat excessive gum exposure. Patients were regathered in 1 week for the follow-up postoperative symptoms according to VAS scale to evaluate pain and swelling. Reference values were given to patients. RESULTS: The study has indicated good results and stability especially to patients with skeletal class I classification along with medium and thick biotype of attached gingiva without hypermobile upper lip. CONCLUSION: Surgical repositioning of the upper lip is an effective way to improve a patient's gingival smile caused by degree I and II VME in combination with HUL as an alternative treatment modality to orthognathic surgery. This method is less invasive and cost-effective, causes minimal postoperative complications, and provides faster recovery. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Excessive gingival display (EGD) with various etiologies requires several proper treatment modalities. The proposed modified method of lip repositioning to reduce the degree of gingival display is less aggressive, reliable, and causes fewer postoperative complications compared to orthognathic surgery.

High-throughput protein precipitation method with 96-well plate for determination of doxepin and nordoxepin in human plasma using LC-MS/MS.

The aim of this study was to establish a high-throughput and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the determination of doxepin and its major active metabolite nordoxepin in human plasma. It has been designed for bioequivalence study for formulations containing 25 mg of doxepin. Doxepin and nordoxepin were extracted from human plasma samples by protein precipitation with acetonitrile by using protein precipitation 96-well plates. The analyte was separated using a Phenomenex Kinetex Biphenyl column (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 µm) using isocratic elution with a mobile phase of 20 mM ammonium formate (30%) and acetonitrile:methanol 3:7 v:v (70%) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and an injection volume of 10 µL. The detection was performed using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring mode to monitor the precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 280.4 → 107.0 and 283.4 → 235.0 for doxepin and doxepin-D3, respectively, and 266.3 → 106.9 and 269.3 → 235.0 for nordoxepin and nordoxepin-D3, respectively, in positive electrospray ionization mode. The total run time was 3.5 min. The method was validated over a concentration range of 50-10,000 pg/mL using a Triple Quad 4500 MS System (Sciex) for both analytes. The developed and validated method can be successfully used to study the bioequivalence/pharmacokinetics of doxepin and nordoxepin.

Protein precipitation method for determination of clobazam and N-desmethylclobazam in human plasma by LC-MS/MS.

A protein precipitation method for the determination of clobazam (CLB) and its major active metabolite N-desmethylclobazam (N-CLB) in human plasma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was established. CLB and N-CLB were extracted from human plasma samples by protein precipitation with methanol. Analyte separation was done using a Phenomenex Kinetex™ Biphenyl (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) column using isocratic elution with a mobile phase of 5 mm ammonium formate with 0.01% ammonium hydroxide (40%) and methanol (60%) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min and an injection volume of 10 µL. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode to monitor the precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 301.1 → 259.0, 306.0 → 263.9 for CLB and CLB-D5 and 287.0 → 245.0, 292.0 → 250.0 for N-CLB and N-CLB-D5 in positive electrospray ionization mode, respectively. The method was validated over a concentration range of 2.0-750 ng/mL for CLB and 0.7-200 ng/mL for N-CLB on SCIEX Triple Quad 4500 MS System. Total run time was 5 min. This method has been designed for bioequivalence study for formulations containing 20 mg of CLB.