ABSTRACT
Traditional medicine has been long used to prevent and/or treat diseases worldwide based on a wealth of experiences, principles, and beliefs in different cultures. Among the extracts used in traditional medicine, we can refer to the aqueous beetle cocoon extract of Larinus maculates popularly known as Tihan in Iraq. To determine the histological effect of this extract on mice liver tissue, the animals were assigned to four groups (n=5) treated with (150,200,400) mg/kg of Cocoon aqueous extract of Larinus maculates for 14 days, respectively. Histology and immunohistochemistry test was performed to evaluate changes in liver tissue and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels.The results showed various pathological dose-depended changes in the liver tissue, including infiltrations, congestion, and vacuolation, along with some dead cells; moreover, necrotic hepatocytes were observed in the liver of highly concentrated treatment group (400 mg kg-1). In addition, the TNF-α level in the liver tissue was elevated by the increased concentration of the extract. The immunohistochemistry result of positive reaction to TNF-α revealed high reaction in the liver tissue of mice treated with 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1, as compared to the control group. Furthermore, as evidenced by the obtained results, changes in hepatocytes and the severity of pathological changes in the liver depends on the concentration of the extract of Larinus maculates.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Animals , Iraq , Liver , Male , Mice , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaSubject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Chickens , Heart Diseases/veterinary , Iodophors/therapeutic use , Poultry Diseases/drug therapy , Adenoviridae/isolation & purification , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Heart Diseases/drug therapy , Heart Diseases/mortality , Iodophors/administration & dosage , Iodophors/pharmacology , Liver/pathology , Liver/virology , Pericardium/drug effects , Pericardium/pathology , Poultry Diseases/mortality , Poultry Diseases/physiopathology , SyndromeABSTRACT
Twenty-five-day-old broiler chickens were inoculated intramuscularly or orally with a suspension prepared from the livers of chickens naturally affected with hydropericardium syndrome (HPS), and uninoculated chickens were kept in the same room with the inoculated birds. The mortality rates in the chickens inoculated intramuscularly or orally were 100 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively. The corresponding groups of uninoculated chickens had mortality rates of 60 per cent and 53.3 per cent, respectively. Hydropericardium was a consistent and prominent lesion in the dead birds, and there were gross lesions in the liver and kidney. Microscopical lesions were present in the liver, kidney, bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Some hepatocytes contained basophilic, intranuclear inclusion bodies.
