ABSTRACT
We report a case of globe avulsion secondary to maxillofacial trauma and propose potential mechanisms of injury. This case highlights the importance of wearing proper safety attire, especially during motorcycling.
Subject(s)
Eye Injuries/etiology , Maxillofacial Injuries/complications , Adolescent , Humans , Male , MotorcyclesABSTRACT
Synthesis of convolutamines and lutamides, new 2,4,6-tribromo-3-methoxyphenethylamine alkaloids isolated from Floridian marine bryozoan Amathia convoluta, was accomplished by a sequence of reactions starting from 3-hydroxyphenethylamines. Cytotoxities of the synthetic lutamides, convolutamines and their de-O-methyl derivatives were examined using drug-sensitive and -resistant P388 as well as KB cell lines. The bioassay suggests that the 2,4,6-tribromo-3-methoxyphenethylamine is an indispensable unit for detection of the activities. Additionally, a reversal of drug resistance by those alkaloids is recognized.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Bryozoa/chemistry , Phenethylamines/pharmacology , Alkaloids/chemical synthesis , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Cell Division/drug effects , Doxorubicin/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Mice , Ovum/cytology , Ovum/drug effects , Phenethylamines/chemical synthesis , Sea Urchins/cytology , Structure-Activity Relationship , Tumor Cells, Cultured , Vincristine/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The toad poison bufadienolides including natural and derivatized compounds were tested for their cytotoxic effects on primary liver carcinoma cells PLC/PRF/5 and their structure-cytotoxic activity relationships were studied. For this study, a ligand-binding model was developed by using a pharmacophore mapping program, Distance Comparisons (DISCO). The structural features that are common to the 3D structures of active bufadienolides were identified to provide approach to a 3D QSAR method by using Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) study and to correlate the steric and electrostatic fields of the molecules to their activities. A valuable model which enables prediction of their activities was obtained from the CoMFA analysis, which may be employed for the drug designs of new bufadienolide analogues.