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1.
J Vis Commun Med ; 43(3): 119-127, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32623921

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a peer-led oral hygiene education video in improving oral hygiene knowledge and behaviour in year 2 (6- to 7-year-old) and year 3 (7- to 8-year-old) children. A novel peer-led oral hygiene education video was created, in which a group of 6- to 10-year-old children delivered key oral hygiene messages. The video was then shown to children of the same age group, whom oral hygiene knowledge and behaviours were assessed before and after the video. Results found that the video was an effective method of improving overall oral hygiene knowledge. It was effective in improving specific aspects of oral hygiene such as knowledge of the frequency of brushing and toothpaste amount, and in the behaviour of using the toothbrush in a circular motion. It was not an effective method in improving the overall oral hygiene knowledge and behaviour of Year Two children, demonstrating children may develop significantly in just 1 year.


Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Oral Hygiene/education , Peer Group , Videotape Recording , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Pilot Projects , Prospective Studies
2.
Skin Res Technol ; 17(1): 75-81, 2011 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20923465

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: We observed that olfactory stimulation with scent of grapefruit oil elevated the activities of sympathetic nerves, and increased the plasma glycerol concentration and blood pressure. In contrast, olfactory stimulation with scent of lavender oil had opposite effects in rats. These suggest that changes in autonomic activities cause physiological functions via histaminergic H1 and H3 receptor. Moreover, it has been reported that somatic sensory stimulation affected autonomic neurotransmission. To examine effects of skin application of urea-containing cream on cutaneous arterial sympathetic nerve activity (CASNA), blood flow, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). METHOD: The activity of CASNA was determined by electrophysiological method, and cutaneous blood flow was determined using laser flowmeter in urethane-anesthetized rats, TEWL was measured using VapoMeter in the back skin of HWY hairless rats. RESULTS: CASNA was markedly and significantly inhibited by skin application of 10% urea-containing cream, whereas cutaneous blood flow was significantly elevated via histaminergic H3-receptor. In conscious hairless rats, TEWL was significantly decreased 24 h after application of 10% urea-containing cream to the back skin. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that skin application of 10% urea-containing cream increases the cutaneous blood flow and water retaining ability, and that histaminergic H3-receptors may mediate these effects.


Subject(s)
Emollients/pharmacology , Regional Blood Flow/drug effects , Sympathetic Nervous System/drug effects , Urea/pharmacology , Water/metabolism , Administration, Topical , Anesthetics, Intravenous , Animals , Consciousness , Histamine Antagonists/pharmacology , Male , Maleates/pharmacology , Piperidines/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Hairless , Rats, Wistar , Receptors, Histamine H3/metabolism , Skin/blood supply , Skin/innervation , Skin/metabolism , Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology , Urethane
3.
Auton Neurosci ; 145(1-2): 50-4, 2009 Jan 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19059811

ABSTRACT

The spleen is an important organ for tumor immunity, and the splenic sympathetic nerve has a suppressive effect on splenic natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity. On the basis of this and reports that Lentinus edodes (Shiitake mushroom) has tumor-inhibitory effects, the authors hypothesized that an extract of a mycelial culture of L. edodes grown in a solid medium of sugar-cane bagasse and defatted rice bran-L.E.M-might affect the sympathetic splenic sympathetic nerve activity (Splenic-SNA) and thus inhibit tumor proliferation. Thus, the effect of L.E.M on Splenic-SNA and human cancer cell proliferation was examined. Splenic-SNA was found to be suppressed by an intraduodenal L.E.M injection in urethane-anesthetized rats, which significantly inhibited increases in the tumor volume of human colon and breast cancer cells implanted in athymic nude mice. These findings suggest that L.E.M has an inhibitory effect on tumor proliferation possibly via a reduction in NK cytotoxicity through the suppression of Splenic-SNA.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic Fibers/drug effects , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Mycelium/physiology , Shiitake Mushrooms/physiology , Spleen/drug effects , Spleen/innervation , Splenic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adrenergic Fibers/physiology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Female , HCT116 Cells , Humans , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Nude , Mycelium/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Shiitake Mushrooms/chemistry , Spleen/physiology , Splenic Neoplasms/pathology , Tumor Cells, Cultured
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