ABSTRACT
The incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection was assessed among 516 children under 5 years with acute respiratory infection and 57 control children free of respiratory infection to determine its relation to epidemiological variables. Respiratory syncytial virus was detected in 188 (37.6%) children with acute respiratory infection and in none of the control group. The infection was highest in those with severe acute respiratory infection, particularly severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia and it precipitated acute bronchial asthma in children over 2 years. The infection was most common in the first 6 months and both sexes were equally affected. Socioeconomic factors and crowding played no significant role in the incidence and spread of the infection. Breastfeeding had no clear protective effect against the infection.
Subject(s)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/complications , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/virology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Crowding , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Iraq/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/transmission , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
The incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection was assessed among 516 children under 5 years with acute respiratory infection and 57 control children free of respiratory infection to determine its relation to epidemiological variables. Respiratory syncytial virus was detected in 188 [37.6%] children with acute respiratory infection and in none of the control group. The infection was highest in those with severe acute respiratory infection, particularly severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia and it precipitated acute bronchial asthma in children over 2 years. The infection was most common in the first 6 months and both sexes were equally affected. Socioeconomic factors and crowding played no significant role in the incidence and spread of the infection. Breastfeeding had no clear protective effect against the infection
Subject(s)
Acute Disease , Age Distribution , Case-Control Studies , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Incidence , Infant, Newborn , Respiratory Tract Infections , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Respiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsABSTRACT
Antibodies were raised in rabbits against the structural components of human coronavirus strain 229E and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3, prepared from disrupted virus particles. Hyperimmune sera to the subcomponents showed cross-reactions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay between ribonucleoprotein antigens of these viruses, indicating the presence of a common antigen(s). None of the other virus structural components showed any cross-reactivity.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/immunology , Coronaviridae/immunology , Murine hepatitis virus/immunology , Nucleoproteins/immunology , Ribonucleoproteins/immunology , Cross Reactions , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Epitopes , Humans , Viral Envelope Proteins , Viral Proteins/immunologyABSTRACT
Sera from adults in Southern Iraq were collected during winter and screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibodies to the two antigenic groups of human coronaviruses, the 229E and the OC43 groups: 91% of the sera had antibodies to at least one of the groups, whereas 4 and 5% of the sera had antibodies to only the 229E or OC43 groups, respectively. There was significant correlation between the levels of antibody to the 229E and OC43 group coronaviruses in these sera.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Coronaviridae/immunology , Adult , Coronaviridae/classification , England , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Humans , Iraq , SerotypingABSTRACT
Antibody rises to various virus subcomponents were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the paired sera of volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus 229E group viruses. Most of the antibody made during infection was directed against the virus surface projections, with only small amounts of antibody made against membrane or ribonucleoprotein components.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Coronaviridae Infections/immunology , Coronaviridae/immunology , Antigens, Viral , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Humans , Membranes/immunology , Ribonucleoproteins/immunologyABSTRACT
C57 strain mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with denatured mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 particles and virus surface projection, membrane and ribonucleoprotein subcomponents, obtained from detergent treated purified virus preparations. All immunised animals developed high levels of serum antibody directed against the respective antigens, detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mice that had been immunised with denatured virus particles or surface projections were protected against infection with mouse hepatitis virus strain 3, whereas immunisation with virus membrane or ribonucleoprotein subcomponents failed to protect mice against virus challenge.