Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Cross-sectional Study.

OBJECTIVES: Fixed orthodontic appliances (FOAs) may cause a temporary deterioration of oral hygiene with corresponding gingival inflammatory changes. Optimal oral hygiene and dietary changes are essential in order to avoid periodontal inflammation. The present study investigates to what extent the recommendations made by the orthodontist are followed by young patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 67 adolescent patients with FOA were examined and interviewed. The control group consisted of 70 patients of the same age who had not undergone any orthodontic treatment. A specific questionnaire (assessing dietary habits, oral hygiene measures) was used and comprehensive oral findings along with oral hygiene status were evaluated. RESULTS: The analysis of the data showed that despite intensive oral hygiene and dietary advice in the patients with FOA, there was no change in diet or oral hygiene habits. There were significantly higher signs of gingival inflammation and amount of dental plaque in FOA patients. Nutritional recommendations and oral hygiene measures for young people with FOA were not adequately enforced. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that frequent recalls should be scheduled with repeated reinforcement of oral hygiene and dietary modifications in FOA patients.

Fatores associados ao excesso de peso corporal em escolares da tríplice fronteira: Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai / Factors associated with overweight in students from tri-border region: Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay

A região da Tríplice Fronteira apresenta diversos problemas sociais e de saúde na população jovem, contudo, não há informações sobre a proporção de adolescentes com excesso de peso corporal. Este estudo investigou a prevalência de excesso de peso corporal e os fatores associados em escolares da Tríplice Fronteira: Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai. Participaram do estudo 1.183 escolares, de 15 a 18 anos de idade. O excesso de peso corporal foi identificado segundo os pontos de corte do índice de massa corporal, propostos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. O questionário do Global School-Based Student Health Survey foi utilizado para identificar fatores sociodemográficos (sexo e faixa etária) e comportamentais (atividade física fora da escola, deslocamento à escola, tempo assistindo TV e consumo de frutas, vegetais, doces e salgados) associados ao excesso de peso corporal. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva, análise de variância, qui-quadrado e regressão logística binária, adotando-se p< 1 vez/dia) tiveram 2,2 e 2,9 vezes mais chances de ter excesso de peso corporal do que seus pares que realizavam deslocamento ativo e que consumiam vegetais diariamente, respectivamente. Estes resultados sugerem que políticas públicas de combate ao excesso de peso corporal devem focar a promoção hábitos saudáveis entre os jovens da Tríplice Fronteira.

The Tri-Border Region has several social and health problems among young people, however, there are no data about the overweight between adolescents. This study investigated the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in students from Tri-Border Region: Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Study participants were 1.183 students, ages from 15 to 18 years. The overweight was identified according to body mass index cut-off points proposed by the World Health Organization. The Global School-Based Student Health Survey questionnaire was used to identify sociodemographic (gender and age) and behavioral factors (physical activity outside of school, commuting to school, time watching TV and fruits, vegetables, sweet, and salty snack consumption) associated with overweight in adolescents. It was used the descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, chi-square and binary logistic regression, adopting p< 1 time/day) were 2,2 and 2,9 times more likely to have overweight than their counterparts who performed active commuting to school and consumed vegetables daily, respectively. These results suggest that public policies to combat overweight should attention on promoting healthy lifestyle among young people from Tri-Border Region.

[Factors associated with overweight in students from tri-border region: Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay]. / Fatores associados ao excesso de peso corporal em escolares da tríplice fronteira: Argentina, Brasil e Paraguai.

The Tri-Border Region has several social and health problems among young people, however, there are no data about the overweight between adolescents. This study investigated the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in students from Tri-Border Region: Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Study participants were 1.183 students, ages from 15 to 18 years. The overweight was identified according to body mass index cut-off points proposed by the World Health Organization. The Global School-Based Student Health Survey questionnaire was used to identify sociodemographic (gender and age) and behavioral factors (physical activity outside of school, commuting to school, time watching TV and fruits, vegetables, sweet, and salty snack consumption) associated with overweight in adolescents. It was used the descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, chi-square and binary logistic regression, adopting p < 0.05. Thirteen percent of students were overweight. Boys were approximately two times more likely to have overweight than girls, independently of nationality. Brazilian students that realized passive commuting to school and Argentineans students with low consumption of vegetables (< 1 time/day) were 2.2 and 2.9 times more likely to have overweight than their counterparts who performed active commuting to school and consumed vegetables daily, respectively. These results suggest that public policies to combat overweight should attention on promoting healthy lifestyle among young people from Tri-Border Region.