ABSTRACT
The structure of the title compound, C(18)H(22)O(2), contains two non-equivalent molecules which differ primarily in the location of the -OH groups on opposite sides or on the same side of the molecular plane. Inversion-symmetric pairs of molecules form intermolecular O-H...O hydrogen-bonded tetrameric synthons that link non-equivalent molecules into an approximately square double layer parallel to (-102). Recently reported fluorinated analogues [Kane, Meyers, Yu, Gerken & Etzkorn (2011). Eur. J. Org. Chem. pp. 2969-2980] have significantly different structures of varying complexity that incorporate intramolecular hydrogen bonding and suggest that further study of structure versus substituents in vicinal dialkynols could be fruitful.
Subject(s)
Alkynes/chemistry , Butanols/chemistry , Hydrogen Bonding , Models, Molecular , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
The structure of the title compound, C(8)H(8)I(2), conforms closely to the mm2 symmetry expected for the free mol-ecule and is the first reported structure of a diiodo-dimethyl-benzene. Repulsion by neighboring I atoms and the neighboring methyl groups opposite to them results in a slight elongation of the mol-ecule along the approximate twofold rotation axis that bis-ects the ring between the two I atoms. In the extended structure, the mol-ecules form inversion-related pairs which are organized in approximately hexa-gonal close-packed layers and the layers then stacked so that mol-ecules in neighboring layers abut head-to-tail in a manner that optimizes dipole-dipole inter-actions.
ABSTRACT
The molecular structure of the title triester compound, C(17)H(20)O(8), consists of a benzodioxole fused-ring system, an ethoxycarbonylmethyl group and two methoxycarbonyl groups arranged around a tetrahedral carbon center. Unlike similar triesters, which are oils, the title compound crystallizes at room temperature as interdigitated bilayers of triester molecules, with short O...H contacts from the methylene H atoms of benzodioxole to the carbonyl O atom of the ethoxycarbonylmethyl group and to a ring O atom of the benzodioxole group of a neighboring molecule within the bilayer. The persistence of these short C-H...O interactions from the activated H atoms of the benzodioxole ring at both 100 and 300 K indicate that they help provide the stabilization necessary for crystallization from the oil.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: BI 1182.2, an open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase 2 study, evaluated efficacy and tolerability of the protease inhibitor (PI) tipranavir (TPV; 500 mg twice daily or 1000 mg twice daily) administered with ritonavir (100 mg twice daily) in combination with 1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and 1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor in multiple PI-experienced HIV-1-infected patients. METHODS: Forty-one patients were evaluated in 2 arms: low-dose (19 patients) or high-dose (22 patients) ritonavir-boosted tipranavir (TPV/r). Primary endpoints were change from baseline in HIV-1 RNA concentrations at weeks 16, 24, 48, and 80 and percentage of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels lower than the limit of quantitation. Safety was evaluated by adverse events (AEs), grade 3/4 abnormalities, and serious AEs. RESULTS: Of all patients, 59% were still receiving TPV/r (14 in low-dose arm and 10 in high-dose arm) at week 80. Patients in both arms had a median >2.0-log10 reduction in plasma viral load. Intent-to-treat analysis demonstrated that a similar proportion of patients in the high-dose and low-dose groups achieved plasma HIV-1 RNA levels <50 copies/mL at week 80 (43% vs. 32%; P = 0.527). The most frequently observed AEs were diarrhea, headache, and nausea. CONCLUSION: TPV/r combined with other active antiretroviral agents can provide a durable treatment response for highly treatment-experienced patients.
