ABSTRACT
Background: this study aims to investigate the accuracy and completeness of ChatGPT in answering questions and solving clinical scenarios of interceptive orthodontics. Materials and Methods: ten specialized orthodontists from ten Italian postgraduate orthodontics schools developed 21 clinical open-ended questions encompassing all of the subspecialities of interceptive orthodontics and 7 comprehensive clinical cases. Questions and scenarios were inputted into ChatGPT4, and the resulting answers were evaluated by the researchers using predefined accuracy (range 1-6) and completeness (range 1-3) Likert scales. Results: For the open-ended questions, the overall median score was 4.9/6 for the accuracy and 2.4/3 for completeness. In addition, the reviewers rated the accuracy of open-ended answers as entirely correct (score 6 on Likert scale) in 40.5% of cases and completeness as entirely correct (score 3 n Likert scale) in 50.5% of cases. As for the clinical cases, the overall median score was 4.9/6 for accuracy and 2.5/3 for completeness. Overall, the reviewers rated the accuracy of clinical case answers as entirely correct in 46% of cases and the completeness of clinical case answers as entirely correct in 54.3% of cases. Conclusions: The results showed a high level of accuracy and completeness in AI responses and a great ability to solve difficult clinical cases, but the answers were not 100% accurate and complete. ChatGPT is not yet sophisticated enough to replace the intellectual work of human beings.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The technique of socket preservation after tooth extraction allows for less volumetric decrease after tooth extraction. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate differences between alveolar socket preservation performed with deproteinized bovine bone graft and autologous particulate bone graft taken from the mandibular ramus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled a total of 21 consecutive patients. A total of 11 patients underwent socket preservation with deproteinized bovine bone graft and collagen matrix (group A), and 10 patients underwent socket preservation performed with particulate autologous bone taken from the mandibular ramus and collagen matrix (group B). All patients received cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) before socket preservation and after four months. Alveolar bone width (ABW) values and alveolar bone height (ABH) values were measured at the first and second CBCT, and the reduction of the values in the two groups was compared. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test for independent variables, and p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between ABW reduction of group A and ABW reduction of group B (t-test value p = 0.28). There were no statistically significant differences between ABH reduction of group A and ABH reduction of group B (t-test value p = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective study, no statistical differences were found between the group that received autologous particulate bone compared to the group that received deproteinized bovine bone in socket preservation.
