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1.
J Radiol ; 90(5 Pt 2): 604-17, 2009 May.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19503057

ABSTRACT

Cone beam CT is an imaging technique used worldwide. It is a reliable and credible alternative to CT scan for dentomaxillofacial imaging. Radiation exposure may vary from one machine to another, but it remains definitely lower than CT dose levels. This technique is compatible with dental implant software. The major diagnostic advantage is the exquisite spatial resolution. The main pitfall is the poor contrast of face and neck soft tissues, due to a lower density resolution compared to CT scan.


Subject(s)
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Dentition , Face/diagnostic imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Maxillary Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Panoramic/methods , Tooth Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/instrumentation , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/instrumentation , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation , Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Panoramic/instrumentation , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tooth Diseases/surgery
2.
J Radiol ; 90(5 Pt 2): 624-33, 2009 May.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19503059

ABSTRACT

Imaging has always been a part of dental implant procedures from its beginning. Initially, imaging was performed by dentists. The introduction of CT scan at the end of the seventies was revolutionary. Radiologists then played a major role in image generation and distribution. For the last two years, a revolution is occurring with the availability of "cone beam" CT machines in dental offices with implant planning software. The dentist can sometimes administer the entire delivery of care: choice of imaging technique, generation and distribution of imaging data, implant planning and treatment. The radiologist's role is now only conceivable as a specialist in dental imaging, attuned to the evolution of dental implant techniques.


Subject(s)
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Dental Prosthesis , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Dental Occlusion , Dental Prosthesis Design , Equipment Design , Humans , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Mandible/surgery , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Maxilla/surgery , Preoperative Care , Robotics/instrumentation , Robotics/methods , Software , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods , User-Computer Interface
3.
Arch Pediatr ; 13(8): 1169-77, 2006 Aug.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16860545

ABSTRACT

In some cases, after preliminary clinical examination, medical imaging can provide indispensable complementary information for the care of young patients. Volume imaging using two- and three-dimensional reconstructions provides the most complete information possible. Problems involving the superposition of anatomical structures, which can occur with conventional X-rays, are a thing of the past, and this technique represents the future in this field. In high-density tissue such as bone or teeth, tomodensitometry is the preferred examination as it can give a three-dimensional approach to the study. However, because of the high radiation dose required, scanner is still a second intention examination. Development of digital volume tomography using NewTom system, designed for maxillofacial exploration, produces the same type of image for a very much reduced X-ray dose, and at low cost. Although the use of this new examining technique is developing rapidly in Europe and throughout the world since its recent introduction, France is lagging behind as to date there are only seven machines in the entire country. The main uses in children, illustrated by original clinical cases, relate to preoperative surgery planning, post-trauma diagnostic workups, orthodontic checkups, postoperative follow-up and TMJ examinations. The purpose of this article is to inform dental surgeons, paediatricians and doctors about this new medical imaging examination, which will most definitely have a place in the battery of diagnostic tools available to us. After weighing the advantages/risks involved, it should be possible to reduce the number of tomodensitometry exams in favour of this new examination technique in children according to the clinical examination data and diagnostic information required.


Subject(s)
Maxillofacial Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Radiographic Image Enhancement/methods , Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed/trends , Child , France , Humans , Radiographic Image Enhancement/trends
4.
Presse Med ; 34(14): 1009-10, 2005 Aug 27.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16225255

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Imaging of the pancreas soon after diagnosis of diabetes can help screen for tumors. CASE: A 45 year-old man with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes and no other notable history was found to have intraductal papillary mucinous tumour of the pancreas (IPMTP), a month after an unexplained and benign acute pancreatitis. DISCUSSION: The histology of IPMTP differs from that of the adenocarcinomas usually described in these circumstances, and they are far rarer. Because they carry the risk of malignant degeneration, early diagnosis is important. Surgery is the only curative treatment and should therefore be discussed.


Subject(s)
Cystadenoma, Mucinous/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Pancreatic Ducts , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pancreatitis/complications , Acute Disease , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Cystadenoma, Mucinous/diagnostic imaging , Cystadenoma, Mucinous/pathology , Cystadenoma, Mucinous/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreatectomy , Pancreatic Ducts/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prognosis , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
5.
J Radiol ; 85(11): 1947-9, 2004 Nov.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15602418

ABSTRACT

The fat halo sign in the small intestine may sometimes be observed in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, but it can represent a normal finding that is possibly related to obesity. The authors report two cases showing these findings.


Subject(s)
Crohn Disease/diagnostic imaging , Ileum/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Radiography
6.
J Radiol ; 85(12 Pt 2): 2071-8, 2004 Dec.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15692422

ABSTRACT

Retrospectively visible cancers are defined as interval cancers or screen-detected cancers (missed cancers) which are judged visible on prior screening mammogram. There are two kinds of retrospectively visible cancers: "actionable" cancers and nonspecific findings that do not warrant recall in normal practice. Nonspecific findings are twice more frequent than actionable cancers. The rate of missed breast cancers in screening is estimated at 25% (13-41%). Missed breast cancers are masses or calcifications. Masses are twice more frequent than calcifications. Missed breast cancers result from detection errors (location in retroglandular region or at the edge of glandular tissue, architectural distorsion) and interpretation errors (findings judged as benign). Detection errors could be limited by double reading and CAD, interpretation errors by better knowledge of BIRADS classification which needs specific training.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography , Diagnostic Errors , False Negative Reactions , Female , Humans
9.
J Neuroradiol ; 30(1): 46-56, 2003 Jan.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12624591

ABSTRACT

Periventricular enhancement in adults at MRI is a significant finding since it often indicates the presence of an underlying disease requiring prompt medical attention. From a review of patients with periventricular enhancement, the main imaging features based on the underlying infectious or tumoral etiology will be described. The presented differential diagnosis is based on the immune status of the patient, type of enhancement, and response to a trial therapy. In immunocompromised patients, the main considerations are lymphoma and viral ependymitis. The pattern of enhancement is important. The presence of thin linear enhancement suggests a viral etiology (cytomegalovirus or varicella-zoster virus) that can be confirmed at CSF evaluation whereas the presence of nodular enhancement suggests a diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma that can be confirmed by the presence of lymphomatous cells in the CSF or, more frequently, at stereotactic surgical biopsy performed after failure of response to anti-toxoplasmosis treatment. The presence of band enhancement is less specific and can be seen with viral, lymphomatous and even tuberculous involvement. In immunocompetent patients, a clinical context of infection will suggest bacterial or tuberculous ventriculitis and the presence of cystic lesions will suggest cysticercosis; in the absence of constitutional symptoms, the presence of nodular enhancement will suggest a tumoral process (lymphoma, ependymoma, germ cell tumor, or metastases). Rarely, linear enhancement will be due to sarcoidosis or Whipple's disease.


Subject(s)
Ependyma/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Adult , Aged , Brain Diseases/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
10.
Diabetes Metab ; 28(5): 421-5, 2002 Nov.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12461482

ABSTRACT

The poor prognosis of coronary artery disease along with the inaccuracy of available testing methods have favoured the development of new screening techniques. One such innovation involves measuring the coronary artery calcium score (CAC). Through computed tomography, this test quantifies the amount of calcium deposited in coronary arteries, itself a reflection of the degree of atherosclerosis. This investigation is a prospective study of 48 diabetic subjects comparing the performance of CAC score with the gold standard testing methods. The results of our study showed that, due to its high negative predictive value, 5 invasive tests were performed needlessly as these subjects had very low CAC scores. At this time, the CAC score is not recommended for every patient but rather on a case-by-case basis. However, it may soon emerge as the next step after the ECG in the evaluation of coronary artery disease. This would alleviate the need for more invasive tests in those patients for whom such investigations are deemed unnecessary. The CAC score, when matched for age, sex and other variables, could also serve as an indication for prescribing medications such as statins, along with other therapeutic interventions. Diabetologists, cardiologists and radiologists must work together in order to gain a better understanding of these new techniques. This may facilitate the emergence of a new approach to the treatment of coronary artery disease.


Subject(s)
Calcium/metabolism , Coronary Vessels/metabolism , Diabetic Angiopathies/diagnostic imaging , Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Humans , Middle Aged , Observer Variation , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results
11.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss ; 95(6): 601-5, 2002 Jun.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12138820

ABSTRACT

In the light of a new case revealed by a stroke, the authors confirm the importance of transesophagal echocardiography (TEE), and show that multislide computered tomography can be used as a new efficient tool for the diagnosis of cardiac papillary fibroelastoma (CPF). These benign tumours of endocardium are rare and case reports have been published sporadically. Stroke is an usual clinical complication and the most frequent symptom associated with CPF. Transesophageal echocardiography is the reference for diagnosis of CPF when transthoracic echocardiography is normal. When TEE is contraindicated or technically impossible, multislide computered tomography appears as an interesting alternate solution for diagnosis because of its fast acquisition and high spatial resolution. Symptomatology may be connected to either tumoral embolisation or cruoric emboli. Surgery is required for any symptomatic tumour.


Subject(s)
Echocardiography , Fibroma/diagnostic imaging , Heart Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Stroke/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Esophagus/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male
12.
Rev Neurol (Paris) ; 158(5 Pt 1): 599-601, 2002 May.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12072830

ABSTRACT

A rare case of spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula with contralateral clinical signs (ocular discomfort, pulsating exophthalmos, chemosis, ptosis) is reported. It was associated with partial thrombosis of the ipsilateral cavernous sinus. It was cured with conservative treatment after six months. Anatomical knowledge of the cavernous sinus remains essential for better understanding of this original clinical presentation.


Subject(s)
Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/complications , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Exophthalmos/etiology , Aged , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Blepharoptosis/etiology , Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/drug therapy , Conjunctiva/blood supply , Female , Humans , Hyperemia/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Migraine Disorders/complications , Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pulsatile Flow , Radiography
14.
J Radiol ; 81(7): 807-9, 2000 Jul.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10915995

ABSTRACT

We report two cases of pulmonary tumor emboli. The first patient had a chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the pelvis while the second patient had a seminoma. The possibility of tumor emboli should be entertained in patients with prior history of malignancy presenting with enlargement of the pulmonary arteries and thrombus enhancement on delayed scans.


Subject(s)
Neoplastic Cells, Circulating , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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