Subject(s)
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Neurolymphomatosis , Vocal Cord Paralysis , Humans , Vocal Cord Paralysis/etiology , Vocal Cord Paralysis/pathology , Facial Nerve/pathology , Cranial Nerves/pathology , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathologyABSTRACT
An adult patient was diagnosed with multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis with lung and bone lesions. Her lung lesions improved after smoking cessation. Radiotherapy was performed for the bone lesions. Follow-up assessment at 2 years after diagnosis showed no recurrence. Our case shows that remission is possible even without systemic treatment.
ABSTRACT
A 76-year-old woman with dermatomyositis was being treated with prednisolone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. There was a solitary lung nodule in the right middle lobe on chest computed tomography at a routine follow-up examination. A transbronchial lung biopsy was performed, and the histopathologic findings indicated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. An immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorder was suspected, and mycophenolate mofetil was stopped without adding any other therapy. Nine months later, the pulmonary nodule had disappeared on chest computed tomography.
Subject(s)
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule , Aged , Female , Humans , Lung , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnostic imaging , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy , Mycophenolic Acid/adverse effects , TacrolimusABSTRACT
Insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle is manifested by diminished insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and is a core factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), but the mechanism causing insulin resistance is still unknown. Our recent study has shown that pH of interstitial fluids was lowered in early developmental stage of insulin resistance in OLETF rats, a model of type 2 DM. Therefore, in the present study, we confirmed effects of the extracellular pH on the insulin signaling pathway in a rat skeletal muscle-derived cell line, L6 cell. The phosphorylation level (activation) of the insulin receptor was significantly diminished in low pH media. The phosphorylation level of Akt, which is a downstream target of the insulin signaling pathway, also decreased in low pH media. Moreover, the insulin binding to its receptor was reduced by lowering extracellular pH, while the expression of insulin receptors on the plasma membrane was not affected by the extracellular pH. Finally, insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake in L6 cells was diminished in low pH media. Our present study suggests that lowered extracellular pH conditions may produce the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells.
Subject(s)
Extracellular Space/chemistry , Insulin Resistance , Insulin/pharmacology , Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects , Receptor, Insulin/metabolism , Animals , Blotting, Western , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Line , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Deoxyglucose/pharmacokinetics , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hypoglycemic Agents/metabolism , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Insulin/metabolism , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism , Muscle, Skeletal/cytology , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Myoblasts/cytology , Myoblasts/drug effects , Myoblasts/metabolism , Phosphorylation/drug effects , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism , RatsABSTRACT
Propolis, a resinous mixture collected from plants by the Apis mellifera bee, contains high level nutrient factors including vitamins, polyphenols, and amino acids that would be expected to improve insulin sensitivity. Insulin resistance would secondarily cause elevation of blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of propolis extracts on blood glucose levels and blood pressures in an early developmental stage of insulin resistance in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. OLETF rats (10 weeks old) were divided into three different groups: normal diet, 0.1% propolis diet, and 0.5% propolis diet. After 8 weeks, blood glucose levels, blood pressures, plasma metabolic factors and hormones, and interstitial fluid pH were measured. Casual blood glucose levels were decreased associated with a reduction of plasma insulin levels in both propolis diet groups compared with normal diet group. Propolis decreased systolic blood pressure with no significant changes in plasma aldosterone levels. We also found that interstitial fluid pH in ascites, liver, and skeletal muscle was higher in rats fed propolis diet than rats fed normal diet. These data suggests that dietary propolis improves insulin sensitivity and blood pressures in the early stage of the process in development of insulin resistance, which may be mediated by suppression of metabolic acidosis.
