CircABCC1 promotes the development of glioma by sponging miR-591 and modulating high-mobility group A2.

CircABCC1 plays an oncogenic role in diverse malignancies. In this study, we investigated its involvement in glioma. The expression of circABCC1 and miR-591 was detected in glioma tissues and cell lines. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to determine the biological effects of circABCC1, miR-591, and high-mobility group A2 (HMGA2) in glioma cells. The circABCC1-mediated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory mechanism was explored by bioinformatics and the luciferase reporter assay combined with the biotinylated RNA pulldown assay. The effect of circABCC1 on the tumorigenicity of glioma in vivo was detected by constructing xenografts in nude mice. CircABCC1 was highly expressed, and miR-591 was downregulated in glioma tissues and cells. Suppression of circABCC1 repressed the malignant behaviors of glioma cells and tumor growth. Through the ceRNA mechanism, circABCC1 interacts with miR-591 to regulate the expression of HMGA2. CircABCC1 functions as an oncogene to promote the progression of glioma via the regulation of miR-591/HMGA2 signaling. In summary, as revealed by our study, circABCC1 promotes the expression of HMGA2 via sponging of miR-591, thus affecting glioma progression as an important onco-circRNA.

ATP2B1-AS1 Promotes Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Regulating the miR-330-5p/TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

We aim to explore the expression and function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ATP2B1-AS1 in a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we established a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/IR) rat model and an OGD/R PC12 cell model to evaluate the expression and role of ATP2B1-AS1 in the cerebral I/R injury. We found that the expression of ATP2B1-AS1 was upregulated in both in vitro and in vivo cerebral I/R injury models. Knockdown of ATP2B1-AS1 increased the cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, and decreased the expressions of inflammation cytokines. The target of ATP2B1-AS1 was predicted and validated to be miR-330-5p. MiR-330-5p abrogated the regulatory effect of ATP2B1-AS1 on cell viability, apoptosis, and cytokines of OGD/R PC12 cells. Furthermore, the results showed that miR-330-5p targeted TLR4, which was also upregulated in the infarcted area of MCAO/IR rats and OGD/R PC12 cells. Overexpression of ATP2B1-AS1 increased the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 of OGD/R PC12 cells, while the effect of ATP2B1-AS1 was abrogated by miR-330-5p. In addition, knockdown of ATP2B1-AS1 decreased the latency time, increased the time of passing the platform position, reduced the cerebral infarct volume, decreased neurological deficit scores, and reduced the number of damaged neurons of MCAO/IR rats that were subjected to the Morris water maze test. Taken together, our study indicates that ATP2B1-AS1 may be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cerebral ischemic injuries.

Resveratrol inhibits ß-amyloid-induced neuronal apoptosis via regulation of p53 acetylation in PC12 cells.

The natural product resveratrol possesses diverse biological activities, including anti­inflammatory, anti­oxidant, anti­cancer and anti­aging effects in multiple organisms. The neuroprotective role of resveratrol has recently been reported in a cell model of amyloid (A)ß(25­35)­induced neurotoxic injury using PC12 cells. However, the pathomechanism by which resveratrol inhibits neuronal apoptosis has remained to be elucidated. The present study therefore aimed to confirm the neuroprotective effects of resveratrol in an Aß(25­35)­induced model of neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects. It was demonstrated that resveratrol exerted neuronal protection through inhibition of cell apoptosis, which was associated with an increased acetylation level of p53. In accordance with this effect, when the acetylation level of p53 was decreased by p53 acetylation inhibitor pifithrin­α, the protective effects of resveratrol were abrogated. In conclusion, it was revealed that resveratrol inhibited Aß(25­35)­induced cell apoptosis via the acetylation of p53 in PC12 cells.

The comparison of EPC count and function in the situation of vascular repair at early and late stage.

To investigate the relationship between the changes in the number and function of the late endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in peripheral blood and the carotid artery stenosis. 60 cases were selected and were divided into the carotid artery stenosis group of 40 cases (mild stenosis in 20 cases, moderate/severe stenosis in 20 cases), normal control group of 20 cases with the global cerebral angiography. Extracted the blood of femoral artery from the patients during the global cerebral angiography, mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood by density-gradient centrifugation and were cultured to 21 days when they were identified as late endothelial progenitor cells, counted the colony numbers of late EPC. Then the proliferation, migration and adherentce ability of late EPC were determined by the MTT assay, modified Boyden and the HFN culturing plates. The amount of the late EPC colonies(34.30 ± 4.90, 25.38 ± 6.33) were significantly reduced in the patients with carotid artery stenosis compared with the control group (46.00 ± 5.64) (P < 0.05); the function of proliferation, migration, adhesion of the late EPC in patiens with cerebral artery stenosis were significantly lower (P < 0.05), the number and function of late EPC decreased with the worsening of vascular stenosis (P < 0.05). The number of EPC in peripheral blood of patients with the carotid artery stenosis decreased, the function was impaired, and number and function changes of late EPC were negatively correlated with the degree of carotid artery stenosis.

[Circumcision with the Chinese Shang Ring in children: outcomes of 824 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effects of using the Chinese Shang Ring in circumcision children with either phimosis or redundant prepuce, and to investigate its superiority over the similar devices available. METHODS: A total of 824 children with phimosis or redundant prepuce underwent circumcision with the Shang Ring. The clinical data were assessed concerning the duration of the procedure, incidence of post-operative complications, time of recovery and appearance of the penis. RESULTS: The procedure duration was (2.6 +/-1.2) min, and the complications included infection in 4 (0.6%), edema in 21 (3.2%), delayed removal of the ring in 10 (1.5%), redundant and asymmetric mucosa attributable to performance in 6 (0.9%) of the cases. The wounds healed and the rings were removed at 13.4 +/- 5.8 days after circumcision, with well-smoothed incision and good cosmetic results. CONCLUSION: Child circumcision with the Chinese Shang Ring is easy and simple in performance, with less operative time, fewer complications and better cosmetic results.

[A historic cohort study on the survival rate and the correlated risk factors regarding 174 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the survival state and to investigate the risk factors of death on patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS: Age, past history, number of encephalic region suffering SAH, laboratory examination indexes, therapeutic measures, complications and prognosis of 174 patients with SAH were followed-up and investigated. The survival states and risk factors of death of the patients with SAH were identified by both Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional risk model. RESULTS: There were 10 patients (5.75%) losing follow-up investigation and 164 patients with SAH completed the follow-up investigation. 66 patients died and the longest follow-up investigation time was 5.64 years. The survival rates of 28 days, 1 year and 3-5 years were 70.60%, 63.40% and 57.20% respectively. The treatment of nimotop, aneurysm occlusion treatment and aneurysm embolotherapy could decrease the death of SAH. At the same time, advanced age, the long time smoking, hyponatremia, the rising of leucocyte in acute stage, repeated hemorrhage and cerebral angio spasm were the independent risk factors to the death of patients. CONCLUSION: Prognosis of patients with advanced age, the rising of leucocyte in acute stage, gastrointestinal blooding, hyponatremia, repeated hemorrhage and cerebral angio spasm were unfavorable. When giving patients with aneurysm, the aneurysm occlusion and embolotherapy and nimotop treatment, the death risk could be reduced.

Nerve-pathways of acupoint Fengch'ih in rat by anterograde transport of HRP.

AIM: To study the nervous-pathways of Fengch'ih acupuncture by means of anterograde transport of aqueous solution of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). METHODS: Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 d groups, and every group had 10 animals. HRP (30% aqueous solution) was injected into a Fengch'ih. Serial, transverse or capital, 40 microm sections of the cervical spinal ganglia, cervical and thoracic spinal cord segment and brain were cut on a cryotome. Sections were incubated for HRP histochemistry according to the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Part of the sections were counterstained with neutral red. RESULTS: After 1 d of survival times, many labeled cell bodies were found in 1-4 cervical spinal ganglia, anterior horn of 1-4 cervical spinal cord, ventromedial division of facial nucleus, accessory facial nucleus ipsilaterally. With increasing survival times, the intensity of labeled cells were slightly decreased. CONCLUSION: Fengch'ih may bring into full play its effect by correlation of posterior ear branch of facial nerve and anterior branch of 2-3 cervical nerve with 1-4 cervical the anterior horn of the spinal cord, ventromedial division of facial nucleus, accessory facial nucleus.

[In vitro induction and expansion of dendritic cells from rat bone marrow and their characterization].

AIM: To induce and expand dendritic cells (DC) from rat bone marrow in vitro and identify their biological characterization. METHODS: The rat bone marrow cells were collected and cultured for 48 hours and the floating cells were removed. Then IL-4 and GM-CSF were added into the fresh medium. After 2 weeks, the morphological character of the cultured DCs was observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Expressions of MHC class II molecule, B7-1 and B7-2 were detected by flow cytometry. The cultured DCs were co-cultured with allogenic T cells derived from rat spleen. T cell proliferation was measured by MTT colorimetry. RESULTS: The cultured DCs had the typical morphological characterization of DC, and the expression rates of MHC class II molecule, B7-1 and B7-2 were 74.2%, 81% and 76% respectively. The cultured DCs could notably stimulate the proliferation of allogeneic T cells. CONCLUSION: The adherent culture of rat bone marrow cells, and co-culture with IL-4 and GM-CSF can obtain a number of high purity of DCs, which lay the foundation for study on DC's function.

Evaluation of murine models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia.

BACKGROUND: To date murine models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia have not been well characterized. The purposes of this paper were to compare three different permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) models with or without craniectomy, and to identify an ideal mouse model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Experiments were performed on 45 healthy adult male Kunming mice, weighing 28 to 42 g. The animals were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 15 in every group) based on surgical procedure: MCAo via the external carotid artery (ECA), MCAo via the common carotid artery (CCA), and direct ligation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Each day post-ischemia, the animals were scored using an eight-grade neurological function scale, and mortality was also recorded. Seven days post-ischemia, the brains were removed for lesion size determination using triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Correlation analysis of lesion volume and neurological score was carried out. RESULTS: Mortality in the group receiving direct MCA ligation was lowest among the three groups, and there was a significant difference between the direct MCA ligation group and the two intraluminal occlusion groups (P < 0.05). In all groups, neurological scores gradually increased with prolongation of ischemic duration, peaking after two days, then gradually decreasing. In the direct MCA ligation group, however, neurological scores were relatively stable. There was a significant correlation between infarct volume and neurological score 7 days after MCAo in every group (all r > 0.7, P < 0.05), suggesting good reproducibility of lesion volume in the three groups, but the infarct volume was more constant in the direct MCA ligation group. CONCLUSION: The direct ligation model of MCAo provides an optimal means of studying permanent focal cerebral ischemia, and is preferable to the models using intraluminal sutures.