Effect of preparation and reaction conditions on the performance of In/H-Beta for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with CH4.

In/H-Beta catalyst was prepared by optimizing the support, concentration of ion exchange liquid and calcination temperature to investigate the effects of synthesis conditions on catalytic activity of selective catalytic reduction of NOx with CH4. The results showed that the In/H-Beta catalyst exhibited the superior activity when concentration of exchange liquid was 0.033 M and calcination temperature was 500 °C, the NOx removal ratio could reach 97.6%. In addition, reaction conditions could affect the catalytic performance. When O2 concentration was 10%, CH4:NO ratio was no less than one, space velocity was lower than 23600 h-1 and NO initial concentration was no more than 700 ppm, In/H-Beta could exhibit superior catalytic activity. Moreover, the catalytic performances of In/H-Beta catalysts were discussed after enduring H2O or/and SO2. This novel strategy could open the door for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with CH4.

Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production by RGO/ZnIn2S4 under Visible Light with Simultaneous Organic Amine Degradation.

In this work, the study of photocatalytic hydrogen production by RGO/ZnIn2S4 with simultaneous degradation of organic amines was carried out in the presence of organic amines in wastewater as the sacrificial agents. The effects of several factors, such as organic amine types, pH value, catalyst concentration, organic amine concentration, and sunlight source, on the photocatalytic activity of RGO/ZnIn2S4 for H2 production were investigated. At the same time, its performance of degrading organic amines during H2 production was also examined. The results showed that the order of H2 production activity of RGO/ZnIn2S4 in six organic amine solutions was N(CH2CH3)3 > N(HOCH2CH2)3 > N(CH3)3 > HO(CH2)2NH2 > C6H5-N2> CO(NH2)2, and the highest H2 production was in N(CH2CH3)3 (triethylamine) solution, being 1597 µmol·g-1·h-1, which is 2.6 times as high as that using the aqueous solution mixture of Na2S and Na2SO3 as the sacrificial agent. In addition, when the pH was 13, the catalyst concentration was 1.0 g·L-1, and the triethylamine concentration was 1.0 mol·L-1, the photocatalytic activity was the highest. Furthermore, the relationship between triethylamine concentration and H2 production was analyzed according to the theory of dynamics.

Endoscopic repair of spontaneous esophageal rupture during gastroscopy: A CARE compliant case report.

RATIONALE: Most of esophageal rupture is a very serious life-threatening benign gastrointestinal tract disease with high mortality. However, there are a few cases of spontaneous esophageal rupture during gastroscopy. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 57-year-old man who underwent a routine diagnostic gastroscopy due to food obstruction was reported. During the gastroscopy, he vomited severely, which was followed by severe left chest pain radiating into the back and upper abdomen. The diagnosis was made by computed tomography (CT) scan without delay. Enhanced CT showed extensive mediastinal emphysema, a small amount of left pleural effusion, and a 6 cm tear was confirmed in the lower esophagus posteriorly. DIAGNOSES: The patient was diagnosed with an intrathoracic rupture type of spontaneous esophageal rupture. INTERVENTIONS: The patient received endoscopic suturing techniques under endotracheal intubation, titanium clip clamping, and over the scope clip (OTSC) sealing. OUTCOMES: The procedure was smooth and the patient recovered well after operation. LESSONS: During gastroscopy, the risk of esophageal rupture should be considered due to sudden pain caused by severe nausea and vomiting. Esophageal rupture can rapidly lead to severe life-threatening infections such as empyema and mediastinitis. Therefore, awareness of this condition is important so that appropriate treatment can rapidly be implemented to increase the likelihood of a good outcome.

Effect of Cooling Rate on Morphology of TiAl3 Particles in Al-4Ti Master Alloy.

The Al-4Ti master alloy was fabricated by aluminum (Al) and sponge titanium particle in a resistance furnace at different cooling rates. This work aims to investigate the relationship between the cooling rate and morphology of TiAl3. The microstructure and composition of master alloys at different cooling rates were characterized and analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and SEM with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that various morphologies of TiAl3 particles in the Al-4Ti master alloy could be acquired at different cooling rates. Petal-like, blocky, and flake-like TiAl3 particles in the Al-4Ti master alloy were respectively acquired at the cooling rates of 3.36 K/s, 2.57 K/s, and 0.31 K/s. It was also found that the morphology of TiAl3 particles in the prepared master alloy changed from petal-like to blocky, then finally to flake-like, with the decrease of cooling rate. In addition, the morphology of the TiAl3 particles has no effect on the phase inversion temperature of Al-4Ti master alloy.

Knockdown of TRIM65 inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion: A therapeutic target in human lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Although TRIM65 is an important protein involved in white matter lesion, the role of TRIM65 in human cancer remains less understood. Here, we reported that TRIM65 was significantly overexpressed in lung cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues. Furthermore, TRIM65 expression was closely related to overall survival of patients with lung cancer. Knock down of TRIM65 in two lung cancer cell lines, SPC-A-1 and NCI-H358, resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion and a dramatic increase in G0-G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. In vivo tumorigenesis experiment also revealed that depletion of TRIM65 expression inhibited NCI-H358 cell growth. Moreover, based on gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we found that TRIM65 was positive related to cell cycle, metastasis up and RHOA-REG pathways, which was further validated by RT-PCR and Western blot in TRIM65 knockdown lung cancer cells and indicated a possible mechanism underlying its effects on lung cancer. In summary, our study suggests that TRIM65 may work as an oncogene and a new effective therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.

TRIM11 overexpression promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Tripartite Motif Containing 11 (TRIM11), a member of TRIM proteins, is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas and plays an oncogenic function in glioma biology. However, little is known about the role of TRIM11 in lung cancer. METHODS: We analyzed TRIM11 mRNA expression in lung cancer tissues and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues by real-time PCR. We then explored the function of TRIM11 in lung cancer cells by small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of this protein followed by analyses of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. RESULTS: TRIM11 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cell lines. The higher expression of TRIM11 was correlated with the poorer prognosis of patients. Suppressing of TRIM11 expression in lung cancer cells with higher expression of TRIM11 (A549 and NCI-H446 cells) significantly reduced cell growth, motility and invasiveness. We further demonstrated that knockdown of TRIM11 affected the expression of cell proliferation-related proteins (Cyclin D1 and PCNA), and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation-related proteins (VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, Twist1, Snail and E-cadherin). The activity of ERK and PI3K/AKT was also suppressed in TRIM11 knocked down cells. Further experiments in lung cells with lower expression of TRIM11 (NCI-H460 and NCI-H1975 cells) with AKT inhibitor suggested that TRIM11 may promote cell motility and invasiveness through AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that TRIM11 acts as an oncogene in lung cancer through promoting cell growth, migration and invasion. Our findings may have important implication for the detection and treatment of lung cancer.

Grain Refinement Efficiency in Commercial-Purity Aluminum Influenced by the Addition of Al-4Ti Master Alloys with Varying TiAl3 Particles.

A series of Al-4Ti master alloys with various TiAl3 particles were prepared via pouring the pure aluminum added with K2TiF6 or sponge titanium into three different molds made of graphite, copper, and sand. The microstructure and morphology of TiAl3 particles were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The microstructure of TiAl3 particles in Al-4Ti master alloys and their grain refinement efficiency in commercial-purity aluminum were investigated in this study. Results show that there were three different morphologies of TiAl3 particles in Al-4Ti master alloys: petal-like structures, blocky structures, and flaky structures. The Al-4Ti master alloy with blocky TiAl3 particles had better and more stable grain refinement efficiency than the master alloys with petal-like and flaky TiAl3 particles. The average grain size of the refined commercial-purity aluminum always hereditarily followed the size of the original TiAl3 particles. In addition, the grain refinement efficiency of Al-4Ti master alloys with the same morphology, size, and distribution of TiAl3 particles prepared through different processes was almost identical.