Analysis of the differential expression of serum miR-21-5p, miR-135-5p, and miR-155-5p by Bifidobacterium triplex viable capsules during the perioperative stage of colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the impact of perioperative administration of Bifidobacterium triplex viable capsules on the serum levels of circulating miR-21-5p, miR-135-5p, and miR-155-5p in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study is to provide a foundation for future research on the use of Bifidobacterium triplex viable capsules to enhance postoperative recovery in patients with CRC. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with primary CRC admitted to the Department of General Surgery at Shanxi Bethune Hospital between June 2020 and December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: 20 cases in the control group and 40 cases in the experimental group. The experimental group was administered oral Bifidobacterium triplex viable capsules during the perioperative period, while the control group was administered oral placebo. Before and after the perioperative period, the expression levels of miR-21-5p, miR-135-5p, and miR-155-5p were compared in the serum of both groups of patients. Furthermore, we established the prognostic value of these three miRNAs in CRC patients. RESULTS: After surgery, the expression levels of miR-21-5p, miR-135-5p, and miR-155-5p decreased in both groups of patients (P < 0.05). Significantly greater differences were observed between miR-21-5p and miR-135-5p (P < 0.001). Expression levels of serum miR-21-5p (P = 0.020) and miR-135-5p (P = 0.023) decreased significantly more in the experimental group than in the control group. The levels of the above three miRNAs after surgery did not correlate with 3-year OS (HR = 4.21; 95% CI 0.37-47.48; log-rank P = 0.20) or 3-year DFS (HR = 1.57; 95% CI 0.32-7.66; log-rank P = 0.55) in two groups. CONCLUSION: Radical surgery reduces the levels of serum miR-21-5p, miR-135-5p, and miR-155-5p expression in patients with CRC. The use of Bifidobacterium triplex viable capsules assists in achieving quicker perioperative recovery from radical surgery in CRC patients, and this underlying mechanism may be associated with the regulation of serum miR-21-5p, miR-135-5p, and miR-155-5p expression levels.

Predictive Model Construction And Prevention Strategies Of Surgical Site Infection In Laparoscopic Appendectomy.

Objective: To construct a nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of the laparoscopic appendectomy surgical site infection (LASSI) and explore prevention strategies. Methods: A total of 995 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from October 2017 to August 2022 were selected. According to whether there was incision infection within 30 days after operation, the patients were divided into the LASSI (97 cases) and non-LASSI (898 cases) group. The following clinicopathological data from these two groups of patients were collected: gender, age, body mass index, ect. The subjects were randomly divided into training group and verification group according to the 7:3 ratio. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to screen the related influencing factors and construct a nomogram model to predict the occurrence of LASSI. Rreceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the calibration curve were used to evaluate the predictive value of the model. For patients with LASSI, a more effective preventive measure was explored. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that operation time >1h (OR: 1.891; 95% CI: 1.07 to 3.36; P = .029), perforated and gangrenous appendix (OR: 4.078; 95% CI: 1.84 to 9.86; P = .001), free intraperitoneal fluid (OR: 2.836; 95% CI: 1.57 to 5.35; P = .001), BMI>30 kg/m2 (OR: 2.828; 95% CI:1.54 to 5.12; P = .001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 2.795; 95% CI: 1.54 to 5.28; P = .001) were the independent prognostic factors of LASSI. The prediction nomogram model showed satisfactory performance in predicting the occurrence of LASSI, ROC curve area value of the training and verification groups were respectively 0.753 (95 % CI: 0.688 ~ 0.818) and 0.772 (95 % CI: 0.691-0.852). In the event of LASSI, we took out appendix specimens in sections and sterilized surgical site, which effectively prevented it. Conclusion: This study evaluated the risk factors related to the occurrence of LASSI and established a prediction model for LASSI. The prediction model provides a convenient and fast risk assessment tool for clinicians to predict the occurrence of LASSI. Combined with the newly discovered prevention strategy of segmental removal of appendix and incision disinfection, it can effectively avoid the occurrence of LASSI and potentially reduce the hospitalization time and costs.

Probe-Integrated Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Binary Nanocarbon Composites for Detection of CA19-9.

Convenient and sensitive detection of tumor biomarkers is crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Herein, we present a probe-integrated and label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on binary nanocarbon composites and surface-immobilized methylene blue (MB) redox probes for detection of carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA19-9), which is closely associated with gastric malignancies. Nanocarbon composites consisting of electrochemically reduced graphene oxides and carbon nanotubes (ErGO-CNT) are electrodeposited onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode surface to form a 3D nanocomposite film, which could provide high surface area to immobilize abundant MB probes, facilitate the electron transfer of MB, and therefore, improve sensitivity. Polydopamine (PDA) served as a bifunctional linker is able to immobilize anti-CA19-9 antibodies and stabilize the inner probe, conferring the sensing interface with specific recognition capacity. Electrochemical detection of CA19-9 is achieved based on the decrease of the redox signal of MB after specific binding of CA19-9 with a wide linear range of 0.1 mU/mL to 100 U/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.54 nU/mL (S/N = 3). The constructed electrochemical immunosensor has good selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and stability. Furthermore, determination of CA19-9 in human serum samples is also realized.

LncRNA XIST sponges microRNA-448 to promote malignant behaviors of colorectal cancer cells via regulating GRHL2.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators in human cancers, while the role of lncRNA X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) in colorectal cancer (CRC) via regulating miR-448 remains largely unknown. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the effect of the XIST/miR-448/grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) axis on CRC development. XIST, miR-448, and GRHL2 expression in CRC tissues from patients and in human CRC cell lines was assessed. Loss- and gain-function assays were implemented to unveil the roles of XIST, miR-448, and GRHL2 in screened CRC cells. The tumor growth in vivo was observed in nude mice. Binding relations among XIST, miR-448, and GRHL2 were evaluated. XIST and GRHL2 expressed highly whereas miR-448 expressed lowly in CRC tissues and cells. XIST or GRHL2 downregulation, or miR-448 elevation suppressed the malignant behaviors of CRC cells in vitro, and downregulated XIST or upregulated miR-448 also inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. miR-448 upregulation reversed the role of XIST elevation in CRC cells. XIST particularly bound to miR-448, and miR-448 targeted GRHL2. Knockdown of XIST upregulates miR-448 to impede malignant behaviors of CRC cells via inhibiting GRHL2. This study may provide novel biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and treatment.