ABSTRACT
El presente documento se inscribe en la discusión sobre las transformaciones que han experimentado las familias en México en el siglo XX, y como se asoman algunas dinámicas al interior que son resultado del alargamiento en la esperanza de vida individual y de la presencia de limitaciones funcionales en los miembros en edad avanzada. Se reflexiona sobre los cambios sociales y demográficos en los hogares, las estrategias de apoyo y cuidado hacia las personas adultas mayores con presencia de enfermedades y limitaciones funcionales a partir de cálculos realizados con base en la Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Si bien hay un esfuerzo de las instituciones de salud y de los arreglos familiares para atender esta situación, este artículo permite mostrar la fuerza y personas debilidad del sistema de protección social en la procuración de cuidados y apoyos hacia las personas en la veces con limitaciones funcionales. Presenta algunos retos y áreas de acción relevantes para las instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales. La idea que se propone, con base en este análisis, es reaccionar activamente entre instituciones, familias y sociedad para apoyar a la vejes que experimenta el deterioro progresivo de sus facultades físicas y mentales.
This paper discusses the transformations undergone by Mexican families in the 20th century and how some internal dynamics unfolded with the increase in the individual life expectancy and the presence of functional incapacities in the older family members. It reflects on social and demographic changes in the families and on support and care strategies directed at elderly people who are ill and have functional limitations, based on calculations obtained from the Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Although there are efforts on the part of health institutions and family arrangements to dead with this situation, this paper shows the strength and the weakness of the social protection systems regarding care and support for aged people with functional incapacity. It presents challenges and relevant action areas for public and non-public institutions. It proposes, based on this analysis, that institutions, families and the society should take active actions to support the elderly individual who undergoes the progressive deterioration of physical and mental faculties.
Este artigo apresenta as transformações vividas pelas famílias mexicanas no século XX e como algumas dinâmicas internas foram se apresentando com o aumento da expectativa de vida individual e presença de incapacidades funcionais nos membros de mais idade. Reflete sobre as mudanças sociais e demográficas nas famílias, as estratégias de aopio e cuidado para com as pessoas idosas enfermas e com limitações funcionais a partir de cálculos baseados na Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Embora haja esforços por parte das instituições da saúde e dos arranjos familiares para atender esta situação, este artigo mostra a força e debilidade dos sistemas de proteção social quanto a cuidados e apoios aos idosos com incapacidade funcional. Apresenta alguns desafios e áreas de ação relevantes para as instituições públicas e não públicas. Propõe, com base nesta análise, uma ação ativa entre instituições, famílias e sociedade para apoiar a velhice que experimenta a deterioração progressiva das faculdades físicas e mentais.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aging , Family Relations , Old Age AssistanceABSTRACT
El presente documento se inscribe en la discusión sobre las transformaciones que han experimentado las familias en México en el siglo XX, y como se asoman algunas dinámicas al interior que son resultado del alargamiento en la esperanza de vida individual y de la presencia de limitaciones funcionales en los miembros en edad avanzada. Se reflexiona sobre los cambios sociales y demográficos en los hogares, las estrategias de apoyo y cuidado hacia las personas adultas mayores con presencia de enfermedades y limitaciones funcionales a partir de cálculos realizados con base en la Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Si bien hay un esfuerzo de las instituciones de salud y de los arreglos familiares para atender esta situación, este artículo permite mostrar la fuerza y personas debilidad del sistema de protección social en la procuración de cuidados y apoyos hacia las personas en la veces con limitaciones funcionales. Presenta algunos retos y áreas de acción relevantes para las instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales. La idea que se propone, con base en este análisis, es reaccionar activamente entre instituciones, familias y sociedad para apoyar a la vejes que experimenta el deterioro progresivo de sus facultades físicas y mentales.AU
This paper discusses the transformations undergone by Mexican families in the 20th century and how some internal dynamics unfolded with the increase in the individual life expectancy and the presence of functional incapacities in the older family members. It reflects on social and demographic changes in the families and on support and care strategies directed at elderly people who are ill and have functional limitations, based on calculations obtained from the Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Although there are efforts on the part of health institutions and family arrangements to dead with this situation, this paper shows the strength and the weakness of the social protection systems regarding care and support for aged people with functional incapacity. It presents challenges and relevant action areas for public and non-public institutions. It proposes, based on this analysis, that institutions, families and the society should take active actions to support the elderly individual who undergoes the progressive deterioration of physical and mental faculties.AU
Este artigo apresenta as transformações vividas pelas famílias mexicanas no século XX e como algumas dinâmicas internas foram se apresentando com o aumento da expectativa de vida individual e presença de incapacidades funcionais nos membros de mais idade. Reflete sobre as mudanças sociais e demográficas nas famílias, as estratégias de aopio e cuidado para com as pessoas idosas enfermas e com limitações funcionais a partir de cálculos baseados na Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Embora haja esforços por parte das instituições da saúde e dos arranjos familiares para atender esta situação, este artigo mostra a força e debilidade dos sistemas de proteção social quanto a cuidados e apoios aos idosos com incapacidade funcional. Apresenta alguns desafios e áreas de ação relevantes para as instituições públicas e não públicas. Propõe, com base nesta análise, uma ação ativa entre instituições, famílias e sociedade para apoiar a velhice que experimenta a deterioração progressiva das faculdades físicas e mentais.AU
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aging , Family Relations , Old Age AssistanceABSTRACT
This paper discusses the transformations undergone by Mexican families in the 20th century and how some internal dynamics unfolded with the increase in the individual life expectancy and the presence of functional incapacities in the older family members. It reflects on social and demographic changes in the families and on support and care strategies directed at elderly people who are ill and have functional limitations, based on calculations obtained from the Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento (2001). Although there are efforts on the part of health institutions and family arrangements to deal with this situation, this paper shows the strength and the weakness of the social protection systems regarding care and support for aged people with functional incapacity. It presents challenges and relevant action areas for public and non-public institutions. It proposes, based on this analysis, that institutions, families and the society should take active actions to support the elderly individual who undergoes the progressive deterioration of physical and mental faculties.
ABSTRACT
Aging in Mexico is a process with several effects in the families and homes. However, the presence of older members in Mexican families has been scarcely analyzed. In this paper we reflect on the experiences of homes with advanced life cycles when turning points happen, such as widowhood, retirement, empty nest stage and when chronic diseases appear, as well as caring processes and family and social networks weakening, and social and institutional support diminution. We analyze some data from the National Survey on Health and Aging in Mexico (Enasem, 2001) considering the gender differences and, specially, health condition of elder people.
ABSTRACT
In Mexico, there is a range of formal and informal transfers to help older adults. This paper analyses national trends and the results of a study focused on the federal entity of Guanajuato. The distribution of the support provided confirms that the transfers made by the social security system have an urban bias and that formal transfers from the federal government are oriented to the least urban areas, and especially rural areas. Despite the existence of formal transfers (which are irregular and insufficient), the economic and health needs of older adults remain unmet and, as a result, their relatives make informal transfers. In Mexico, and more specifically in Guanajuato, those who live with older adults provide a very significant amount of support, whereas those who have migrated do not. On the basis of this material, we analyse of the role played by descendants, according to their cohort and migration status. In any case, it is clear that there the dynamics of intergenerational transfers are different in each national entity.
