ABSTRACT
Fragile X syndrome, an X-linked genetic disorder, is the third most common cause of mental retardation. The following is a case of a 6-year-old boy with fragile X syndrome and its characteristic cognitive and behavioral symptomatology, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In addition, this child experienced initial insomnia and nocturnal enuresis, problems not previously reported with fragile X. Previous pharmacological treatment of the syndrome's behavioral difficulties and attention deficit has included stimulants, folic acid, and neuroleptics. This is the first report of the successful use of imipramine. Imipramine also improved the boy's insomnia and enuresis, whereas methylphenidate caused an overall worsening of his condition.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Fragile X Syndrome/drug therapy , Imipramine/therapeutic use , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Child , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Enuresis/drug therapy , Enuresis/psychology , Fragile X Syndrome/psychology , Humans , Male , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/psychologySubject(s)
Adoption/psychology , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Family Therapy , Professional-Patient Relations , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Among 375 children and adolescents admitted to a psychiatric hospital inpatient unit, the proportion of adopted children was considerably higher than that of a general pediatric population or of census figures, and the majority of nonadoptees were from disrupted homes. Based on a review of case records, adoption and family disruptions appear to increase significantly the length of hospitalization and to shift diagnoses toward behavioral disturbances. Implications for prevention and treatment are considered.
Subject(s)
Adoption/psychology , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Divorce/psychology , Hospitalization , Personality Development , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Child , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Length of Stay , Male , Psychiatric Department, Hospital , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
In 5 latency-age boys, methylphenidate plasma concentrations following multiple doses of methylphenidate were consistently higher than those obtained after a single dose. Pharmacological and clinical implications are discussed.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Methylphenidate/blood , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Behavior/drug effects , Child , Humans , Male , Methylphenidate/pharmacokinetics , Methylphenidate/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The role of a child in his/her physical abuse was reviewed with particular attention to hyperactive children. A retrospective analysis of the records of children referred to a university-based hyperactive children's clinic revealed that children both with and without Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) were more often physically abused than children in the general population. The period prevalence of physical abuse in children with ADD did not differ significantly from that in children without ADD. This suggests that hyperactivity may either contribute to, or result from, physical abuse.
