ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Angioplasty and stenting of the subclavian artery have been reported with high technical and clinical success rates, low complication rates, and good midterm patency rates. Different antegrade or retrograde endovascular catheter-based approaches are used. Nowadays, endovascular therapy has taken over open surgical techniques in subclavian artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine safety, efficacy, and midterm clinical and radiological outcome of the endovascular treatment with special focus on the different technical approaches in subclavian artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2014 and 2017, 11 patients (10 men, 1 woman) with symptomatic high-grade stenosis (90%-100%) of the subclavian artery were treated with endovascular treatment. Their mean age was 51.3 years (range, 32-61 years). Mean angiographic and clinical follow-up was 22.5 months (range, 5-44 months). Clinical follow-up was performed at hospital discharge and routine follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 12 months, and 6 monthly thereafter. In all 11 patients, a percutaneous approach was used successfully. In eight patients, the lesions were accessed retrogradely through a brachial artery puncture. RESULTS: Acute success rate was 100%. There were no significant peri-procedure complications. At the latest clinical follow-up (mean of 22.5 months), all patients showed a good outcome with a restenosis rate of 18.2% including a patient with Takayasu arteritis. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous antegrade and retrograde stenting of high-grade subclavian artery stenosis is a viable less invasive alternative to open bypass surgery with good midterm clinical results and patency rates.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cardiac adversity is by far the commonest cause of mortality in patients with diabetes. Cardiac involvement in diabetes commonly manifest as coronary artery disease (CAD). Definitive diagnosis,precise assessment and anatomic severity of CAD requires invasive diagnostic modality like coronary angiography. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study angiographic extents, type of vessels, number of vessels, severity involving coronary artery and its branches in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Compare the same in diabetics and non diabetics with ACS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hundred patients with ACS,50 diabetics and 50 nondiabetics admitted in Bapuji Hospital ICCU attached to J.J.M. Medical College were selected randomly during a period of approximately one and half years formed the study group. RBS, FBS was done in all 100 pateints, HbA1c in all diabetics. All subjects with ACS were taken up for coronary angiography. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Chi-square test was used to determine any significant difference between two groups. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: In our study 22 (44%) out of 50 diabetic patients had triple or multi-vessel disease compared to 8 (16%) out of 50 non diabetics. Hundred patients with ACS, number of vessels involved were 199, of which 61.3% in diabetics and 38.6% in non diabetics, 23(46%) of 50 diabetic patients required CABG as treatment outcome. HbA1c levels of >8.5%, 69.2% had triple / multi vessel disease and 19 (73.1%) of 23 patients who had to undergo CABG had HbA1c levels >8.5%, 24% of diabetics were in third decade, 40% were in fourth decade as compared to 10% and 26% of non-diabetics of similar age group. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: This study showed that ACS in diabetic patients presented much earlier in life, the severity and extent of CAD and incidence of triple/multi vessel disease was significantly high in diabetics when compared to nondiabetics with ACS. Diabetics with high HbA1c had more number of coronary vessel involvement and the mode of treatment required in them was CABG.
