Edge-Selective Extremal Damping from Topological Heritage of Dissipative Chern Insulators.

One of the most important practical hallmarks of topological matter is the presence of topologically protected, exponentially localized edge states at interfaces of regions characterized by unequal topological invariants. Here, we show that, even when driven far from their equilibrium ground state, Chern insulators can inherit topological edge features from their parent Hamiltonian. In particular, we show that the asymptotic long-time approach of the nonequilibrium steady state, governed by a Lindblad master equation, can exhibit edge-selective extremal damping. This phenomenon derives from edge states of non-Hermitian extensions of the parent Chern insulator Hamiltonian. The combination of (non-Hermitian) topology and dissipation hence allows one to design topologically robust, spatially localized damping patterns.

Arteriovenous malformation of ureter presenting without hematuria: An unusual presentation of a rare disease.

Genitourinary tract arteriovenous malformations are extremely rare. Most of the lesions are found either in the kidney or urinary bladder. So far, to the best of our knowledge, only five cases of arteriovenous malformation of the ureter have been reported in the literature. Here, we present, a young male, clinically presented with pain in the left flank with no other significant history. On radiological evaluation found to have left hydroureteronephrosis with stricture of the left distal ureter at the level of iliac vessel crossing. Urine routine, cytology, and cystoscopy were unremarkable. Left retrograde pyelogram showed distal ureteric stricture. Patient underwent excision of left distal ureteric stricture segment and ureteric reimplantation with psoas hitch. Histopathological examination revealed the features of arteriovenous malformation of the left ureter. The patient is asymptomatic and has no recurrence on follow-up until 12 weeks after surgery.

Interactions and Mobility Edges: Observing the Generalized Aubry-André Model.

Using synthetic lattices of laser-coupled atomic momentum modes, we experimentally realize a recently proposed family of nearest-neighbor tight-binding models having quasiperiodic site energy modulation that host an exact mobility edge protected by a duality symmetry. These one-dimensional tight-binding models can be viewed as a generalization of the well-known Aubry-André model, with an energy-dependent self-duality condition that constitutes an analytical mobility edge relation. By adiabatically preparing low and high energy eigenstates of this model system and performing microscopic measurements of their participation ratio, we track the evolution of the mobility edge as the energy-dependent density of states is modified by the model's tuning parameter. Our results show strong deviations from single-particle predictions, consistent with attractive interactions causing both enhanced localization of the lowest energy state due to self-trapping and inhibited localization of high energy states due to screening. This study paves the way for quantitative studies of interaction effects on self-duality induced mobility edges.

Quasinormal Modes and the Hawking-Unruh Effect in Quantum Hall Systems: Lessons from Black Hole Phenomena.

In this work, we propose the quantum Hall system as a platform for exploring black hole phenomena. By exhibiting deep rooted commonalities between the lowest Landau level and spacetime symmetries, we show that features of both quantum Hall and gravitational systems can be elegantly captured by a simple quantum mechanical model: the inverted harmonic oscillator. Through this correspondence, we argue that radiation phenomena in gravitational situations, such as presented by W. G. Unruh and S. Hawking, bear a parallel with saddle-potential scattering of quantum Hall quasiparticles. We also find that scattering by the quantum Hall saddle potential can mimic the signature quasinormal modes in black holes, such as theoretically demonstrated through Gaussian scattering off a Schwarzschild black hole by C. V. Vishveshwara. We propose a realistic quantum Hall point contact setup for probing these temporally decaying modes in quasiparticle tunneling, offering a new mesoscopic parallel for black hole ringdown.

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour with extension to vesicoureteric junction.

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour (MEST) is an uncommon renal tumour with a tendency to protrude into the collecting system. We present a 50-year-old woman with a renal tumour extending up to the vesicoureteric junction (VUJ) who was suspected to have an upper tract transitional cell carcinoma for which a nephroureterectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination revealed a MEST arising from the kidney and extending up to the VUJ. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a renal MEST with extension to the VUJ.

Rare case of gangrene of penis in a patient with chronic kidney disease on dialysis.

Gangrene of the penis in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis is a rare occurrence. Such patients often have associated comorbidities such as type II diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension, along with secondary hyperparathyroidism leading to dystrophic calcification. These conditions accelerate the process of atherosclerosis, which, along with calcium deposition, causes partial or complete obstruction of the blood vessel lumen, leading to ischaemic necrosis at the tip of the penis. This adds to the pre-existing morbidity and mortality in such patients. In most cases, appropriate medical management is advocated to prevent the deposition of calcium in the lumen.

Organ preservation in leiomyosarcoma bladder: Case report and review of literature.

Leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) account for <0.1% of all bladder malignancies. Due to the infrequent occurrence of these tumors, established guidelines for management are lacking. Conventionally, radical extirpative surgery has been advocated. We present our experience with organ preservation in a young male presenting with LMS bladder. A brief review of literature supporting organ preservation in selected cases has also been presented.