ABSTRACT
Random effects in the repeatability of refractive index and absorption edge position of tantalum pentoxide layers prepared by plasma-ion-assisted electron-beam evaporation, ion beam sputtering, and magnetron sputtering are investigated and quantified. Standard deviations in refractive index between 4*10-4 and 4*10-3 have been obtained. Here, lowest standard deviations in refractive index close to our detection threshold could be achieved by both ion beam sputtering and plasma-ion-assisted deposition. In relation to the corresponding mean values, the standard deviations in band-edge position and refractive index are of similar order.
ABSTRACT
This article wants to present figures about subsequent development of adolescents age fourteen to eighteen with behavioural disorders, who underwent a social therapeutic and educational treatment during a sailing tour, backed by German Federal Youth Welfare Act. 114 adolescents were investigated. The figures describe where they came from, their characteristics before and after the project and the drop outs. Finally a follow up study of 61 of the adolescents in the program can be presented. As a result it could be shown, that the adolescents were very unsufficiently described, that they were treated without success in other institutions before, and that they grew up under bad conditions. A fifth of them left the eight months program after three months. Within an average investigation time of three Years and two months more than half of the adolescents showed an improvement in at least one of the following criteria: further education, better social adaption, decrease of delinquency and further need of care in a psychiatric or educational institution.
