ABSTRACT
A prospective longitudinal study investigated for 19 +/- 3) months whether immunophenotypes of peripheral leukocytes were altered in periods of severe training. Leukocyte membrane antigens (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD45, CD45RO, and CD56) of endurance athletes were immunophenotyped (dual-color flow cytometry) and list mode data analyzed by a self-learning classification system in a state of an overtraining syndrome (OT; N = 15) and several occasions without symptoms of staleness (NS; N = 70). Neither at physical rest nor after a short-term highly intensive cycle ergometer exercise session at 110% of the individual anaerobic threshold did cell counts of neutrophils, T, B, and natural killer cells differ between OT and NS. Eosinophils were lower during OT, activated T cells (CD3+HLA/DR+) showed slight increases (NS: 5.5 +/- 2.7; OT 7.3 +/- 2.4% CD3+ of cells; means +/- SD; P < 0.01) during OT without reaching pathological ranges. The cell-surface expression of CD45RO (P < 0.001) on T cells, but not cell concentrations of CD45RO+ T cells, were higher during OT. OT could be classified with high specificities (92%) and sensitivities (93%). It is concluded that OT does not lead to clinically relevant alterations of immunophenotypes in peripheral blood and especially that an immunosuppressive effect cannot be detected. Immunophenotyping may provide help with the diagnosis of OT in future, but the diagnostic approach presented here requires improvements before use in sports medicine practice is enabled.
Subject(s)
Leukocytes/immunology , Physical Endurance/physiology , Sports/physiology , Adult , Anaerobic Threshold , Antigens, Surface/analysis , Athletic Injuries/etiology , Fatigue/etiology , Flow Cytometry , Humans , Immunophenotyping , Leukocyte Count , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sports/psychology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Stress, Psychological/etiology , SyndromeABSTRACT
4 employees exposed to barium and sodium selenite in the glass industry suffered from dermatitis and/or conjunctivitis. In 2 cases an irritant pathogenesis was assumed; in the other 2 cases both patients developed an allergic contact dermatitis in part with papulo-follicular morphology. Sodium selenite 0.1% in petrolatum is suitable for patch testing.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Contact/etiology , Dermatitis, Occupational/chemically induced , Selenium/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Patch Tests , Selenious AcidSubject(s)
Dermatologic Agents/therapeutic use , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Urea/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Cataract/complications , Erythema/congenital , Keratosis/congenital , Child , Erythema/complications , Female , Humans , Keratosis/complicationsSubject(s)
Immunity, Cellular/radiation effects , Melanoma/radiotherapy , Phosphorus Radioisotopes/administration & dosage , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Skin Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Female , Humans , Injections, Intralymphatic , Male , Melanoma/immunology , Melanoma/mortality , Middle Aged , Skin Neoplasms/immunology , Skin Neoplasms/mortalityABSTRACT
Allergenicity of benzylisothiocyanate and group-allergic cross reactions. Comparative patch-test series made in pateints suffering from contact dermatitis induced by Sulbentin (Dibenzthion)-antimycotics and in guinea pigs, experimentally sensitized to benzylisothiocyanate (BITC), showed: BITC is a potent contact sensitizer and the real hapten in cases of Sulbentin-allergy. Of special importance in this molecule is the benzyl-group. Neither 4,4-diphenylmethandiisocyanate and isophorondiisocyanate (substances used in polyurethane production) nor the closely related methylisothiocyanate (decomposition product of some potato-selecting agents) produced any groupallergic cross reactions in the above-mentioned patients and guinea pigs.
