ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: The aim of this prospective study was to examine the relationship between gastrointestinal ethanol production ("Mei-Tei-Sho" syndrome described in Japan) and biological liver dysfunction associated with intestinal malabsorption syndromes. METHODS: Sixty-five patients with malabsorption-diarrhea underwent 98 simultaneous measurements of plasma gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase and of faecal ethanol concentrations; in 5 cases, ethanolemia and faecal ethanol concentrations were measured after a 250 g rice-meal; in 1, ethanol concentration was measured in a sample of caecal liquid in hours following local instillation of fructose (40 g). RESULTS: Faecal ethanol was detected at least once in 60/65 patients (74/98 measurements, maximum 3.50 g*L-1), more often (98.0%, P < 0.001) in 51 patients with gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase above 38 IU/L. Eating rice increased the faecal ethanol concentration in 5 patients, 2 of whom had measurable ethanolemia (0.20 and 0.47 g*L-1). Ileo-caecal ethanol concentration following local fructose instillation was 11.8 g*L-1. CONCLUSION: Endogenous gastrointestinal ethanol production contributes to elevated gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity observed during malabsorption syndromes.
Subject(s)
Malabsorption Syndromes/enzymology , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood , Adult , Ethanol/metabolism , Feces/chemistry , Female , Fermentation , Humans , Liver Diseases/etiology , Liver Function Tests , Malabsorption Syndromes/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and SpecificitySubject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Gastrostomy/adverse effects , Neoplasm Seeding , Aged , Endoscopy , Humans , Male , Palliative Care/methodsABSTRACT
Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry, and body composition was evaluated by electrical body impedance analysis in 229 female patients with anorexia nervosa, cancer, non tumoral disease, obesity, and 42 healthy women. Results were compared with theoretical formulas based on anthropometry, and expressed by kilogram of body weight and lean body mass. Each group was compared with each other and with controls. Resting energy expenditure of controls is quite identical with the theoretical value; it is very low for anorectic patients, high for obese patients, high during non tumoral diseases, and higher during neoplastic diseases. Respiratory quotient shows catabolism of carbohydrates in anorectic patients, and lipid catabolism in other patients. Results are compared with literature data, and pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical use of the method are discussed.
Subject(s)
Energy Metabolism , Nutrition Disorders/metabolism , Adult , Anorexia Nervosa/metabolism , Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology , Body Height , Body Weight , Calorimetry, Indirect , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasms/physiopathology , Nutrition Disorders/etiology , Nutrition Disorders/physiopathology , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/physiopathology , RestABSTRACT
Two hundred and three patients underwent a gastrectomy for 1981 to 1985, as a treatment for gastric carcinoma. This retrospective study focuses on survival and the prognostic value of oncological features as topography, local involvement and size of the tumour, and nutritional features as albuminemia, prealbuminemia and weight loss. Although prealbuminemia and weight loss have a prognostic value, albuminemia has not this classical value. These results show the great importance of the peri-operative nutrition, and lead to criticisms about albuminemia, which is modified by deshydratation and extra-vascular diffusion.
