ABSTRACT
Anterior maxillary osteotomy or ostectomy (AMO) is a safe, reliable, and easily adaptable procedure routinely performed in orthognathic surgery for the management of the dentoalveolar segment of the anterior maxilla. The anterior segmental maxillary osteotomy was first performed in 1921 by Cohn-Stock. Several modifications were done regarding approaches for AMO; however, Cupar's method is the most preferred approach by the surgeons and in practice since several decades. A novel midline split osteotomy is performed in combination with Cupar's method for superior and posterior repositioning of anterior maxillary segment in combination with immediate closure of diastema in this case report.
ABSTRACT
Aim: This study compared the analgesic efficacy of intra socket application of tramadol versus ketamine for preventing pain after mandibular third molar surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients who had undergone third molar surgery were randomly divided into three groups: Group T (tramadol 1 mg/kg), Group K (ketamine 0.5 mg/kg), and Group C (saline 2 mL). The treatment was applied to the extraction sockets using resorbable gel foam. Average time taken for the procedure was recorded. Pain was evaluated postoperatively using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 6 and 24 h postoperatively. Furthermore, the number of analgesics taken in the 1st24 h was recorded. The relevant information was gathered and tabulated. IBM SPSS 2.0 was used to analyze the results and one-way ANOVA test was used to determine the statistical significance. Results: The VAS scores after extraction were statistically higher in Group C than in either treatment group. Group K had the lowest pain intensity. During the 1st6 h, patients reported statistically lower pain intensity scores in Groups K and T versus Group C. At 24 h, Group K had the lowest pain intensity and Group T had less pain than Group C. The number of analgesics taken in the 1st24 h was highest in Group C. Conclusion: This study shows that intra socket use of tramadol and ketamine can be used as effective alternatives for decreasing pain after third molar surgery.
ABSTRACT
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with repetitive nocturnal upper airway obstruction leading to daytime sleepiness, cardiovascular derangements, and can be a debilitating, even life-threatening condition. The most favorable treatment for patients with OSAS is multidisciplinary care by a team that represents various dental and medical disciplines. Prescribed therapies might include weight loss, behavior modification, oral appliances, soft tissue surgery, skeletal surgery, or some combination of approaches. Osteogenesis by mandibular distraction has proved effective in children in the treatment of obstructive apnea syndrome associated with congenital malformations. In the adult, the possibility of using distraction osteogenesis in the management of OSAS remains to be defined. We report a case of an adult patient treated for OSAS secondary to temporomandibular joint ankylosis by mandibular distraction followed by interpositional arthroplasty.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The management of trauma has evolved greatly over the past many years. Various bone plating systems have been developed to provide stable fixation of mandibular fractures. The introduction of the locking plate/screw system has offered certain advantages over the conventional plating systems. This system does not require intimate adaptation of the miniplates to the underlying bone and has greater stability. This study evaluates the efficacy of locking miniplate/screw system in the treatment of mandibular fractures without maxillomandibular fixation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study analyzing 20 patients with undisplaced or minimally displaced mandibular fractures, who reported to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore. The selected cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using the 2.0 mm locking plate/screw system. RESULTS: Open reduction and internal fixation with the 2.0 mm locking plate/screw system were achieved in all the 20 cases with satisfactory stability of the fracture fragments. The system was found to be reliable and effective intraoperatively. Only two complications were noted in the study. CONCLUSION: The locking miniplate system was found to be reliable and effective in management of mandibular fractures without postoperative intermaxillary fixation, however further studies with more sample size is required.
