ABSTRACT
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223408.].
ABSTRACT
Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is a unique pattern of congenital abnormalities found in fetuses and neonates infected with the Zika virus (ZIKV). Here, we clinically identify and characterize infants with CZS between 2015 and 2018 in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil-a border area with Paraguay and Bolivia. This cross-sectional study, based on primary and secondary data, tracks the cases registered in the Brazilian Public Health Reporting System through the following stages: (1) preliminary data analysis, (2) identification of the congenital syndrome cases, (3) etiologic classification of the cases, (4) active search, and (5) clinical assessment. Of the 72 investigated cases, 16 were probable cases of CZS. Of these, it was only possible to clinically assess 11 infants. Considering the 16 probable cases of CZS, nine were classified as confirmed cases, and five as potential cases of the syndrome. Regarding clinical features, brain palsy was identified in all analyzed infants. Moreover, microcephaly and pseudobulbar syndrome were found in eight infants, and hydrocephalus was found in three individuals. In addition to these conditions, seven children were malnourished. Our study may provide significant insights for other researches that aim to elucidate CZS and its clinical and populational consequences.
ABSTRACT
Algumas pesquisas citam que o breve retardo no amadurecimento de pêssego tratados com 1-MCP decorre do acúmulo de CO2 durante o tratamento; contudo, o efeito do 1-MCP pode ser prejudicado pela presença do CO2. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de pressões parciais de CO2 durante a aplicação de 1-MCP (1µL L-1) e da reaplicação de 1-MCP (1µL L-1), para controlar o amadurecimento de pêssegos 'Rubidoux'. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: sem aplicação de 1-MCP + 0,1kPa de CO2; 1-MCP + 0,1kPa de CO2; 1-MCP + 2,5kPa de CO2; 1-MCP + 7,5kPa de CO2; e aplicações diárias de 1-MCP por quatro dias + 0,1kPa de CO2. O aumento nas pressões parciais de CO2 durante a aplicação do 1-MCP diminuiu a sua eficiência na redução das taxas respiratória e de produção de etileno e no retardamento da perda de firmeza da polpa e da cor verde da epiderme dos frutos. Os teores de sólidos solúveis e de acidez titulável não foram influenciados pelos tratamentos. O efeito do 1-MCP sobre o amadurecimento em pêssegos 'Rubidoux', determinado por meio do amolecimento e pela alteração da cor, é anulado pelo avanço do tempo após o tratamento, possivelmente pela biossíntese de novos receptores ao etileno.
Some literatures mention that the retard ripening of peaches 1-MCP-treated is due to accumulation of CO2 during the application of 1-MCP, however the effect of the 1-MCP can be inhibited by CO2.The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of partial pressure of CO2, during the treatment with 1-MCP (1µL L-1), as well as the reapplication with 1-MCP (1µL L-1), on ripening 'Rubidoux' peaches. The treatments evaluated were: without 1-MCP + 0.1kPa of CO2; 1-MCP + 0.1kPa of CO2; 1-MCP + 2.5kPa of CO2; 1-MCP + 7.5kPa of CO2; and daily applications of 1-MCP for four days + 0.1kPa of CO2. The increase of CO2 partial pressure during the treatment with 1-MCP reduced its efficiency in reducing respiration and ethylene production rates and delayed softening and skin color change. Soluble solids content and titratable acidity were not affected by treatments. The effect of 1-MCP on softening and color change is reduced with the advance in time after treatment, possibly reflecting the biosynthesis of new receptors for ethylene.
