Healthcare Quality Indicators for Physiotherapy Management in Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Delphi Study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to develop healthcare quality indicators (HCQIs) for the physiotherapy (PT) management of patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis (HKOA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Netherlands. METHODS: Two multidisciplinary expert panels, including patients, were instituted. A draft HCQI set was derived from recommendations included in two existing Dutch PT guidelines for HKOA and RA. The panels suggested additional topics, after which a Delphi procedure was performed. All propositions were scored for their potential to represent good-quality PT care (score range 0-9). Based on predefined rules, the Delphi panel HCQIs were discussed and selected. Lastly, every indicator was rephrased, resulting in its output consisting of a numerator and denominator, to facilitate comparisons within and among practices. RESULTS: After two Delphi rounds, two final sets of 17 HCQI - one for HKOA and one for RA - were composed, both containing 16 process indicators (regarding initial assessment, treatment and evaluation) and one outcome indicator. CONCLUSIONS: Two sets of HCQIs for PT management in HKOA and RA were developed for measuring the quality of PT care in daily clinical practice. Each indicator was formulated in a measurable way. Future research should focus on the feasibility of both indicator sets for daily clinical practice.

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with chronic heart failure: a Dutch practice guideline.

RATIONALE: To improve the quality of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) a practice guideline from the Dutch Royal Society for Physiotherapy (KNGF) has been developed. GUIDELINE DEVELOPMENT: A systematic literature search was performed to formulate conclusions on the efficacy of exercise-based intervention during all CR phases in patients with CHF. Evidence was graded (1-4) according the Dutch evidence-based guideline development criteria. CLINICAL AND RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS: Recommendations for exercise-based CR were formulated covering the following topics: mobilisation and treatment of pulmonary symptoms (if necessary) during the clinical phase, aerobic exercise, strength training (inspiratory muscle training and peripheral muscle training) and relaxation therapy during the outpatient CR phase, and adoption and monitoring training after outpatient CR. APPLICABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES: This guideline provides the physiotherapist with an evidence-based instrument to assist in clinical decision-making regarding patients with CHF. The implementation of the guideline in clinical practice needs further evaluation. CONCLUSION: This guideline outlines best practice standards for physiotherapists concerning exercise-based CR in CHF patients. Research is needed on strategies to improve monitoring and follow-up of the maintenance of a physical active lifestyle after supervised CR.

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease: a practice guideline.

BACKGROUND: To improve the quality of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) the CR guideline from the Dutch Royal Society for Physiotherapists (KNGF) has been updated. This guideline can be considered an addition to the 2011 Dutch Multidisciplinary CR guideline, as it includes several novel topics. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed to formulate conclusions on the efficacy of exercise-based interventions during all CR phases in patients with CHD. Evidence was graded (1-4) according the Dutch evidence-based guideline development (EBRO) criteria. In case of insufficient scientific evidence, recommendations were based on expert opinion. This guideline comprised a structured approach including assessment, treatment and evaluation. RESULTS: Recommendations for exercise-based CR were formulated covering the following topics: preoperative physiotherapy, mobilisation during the clinical phase, aerobic exercise, strength training, and relaxation therapy during the outpatient rehabilitation phase, and adoption and monitoring of a physically active lifestyle after outpatient rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: There is strong evidence for the effectiveness of exercise-based CR during all phases of CR. The implementation of this guideline in clinical practice needs further evaluation as well as the maintenance of an active lifestyle after supervised rehabilitation.

Quality indicators for physiotherapy care in hip and knee osteoarthritis: development and clinimetric properties.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to develop process quality indicators for physiotherapy care based on key recommendations of the Dutch physiotherapy guideline on hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Guideline recommendations were rated for their relevance by an expert panel, transformed into potential indicators and incorporated into a questionnaire, the Quality Indicators for Physiotherapy in Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis (QIP-HKOA). Adherence with each indicator was rated on a Likert scale (0 = never to 4 = always). The QIP-HKOA was administered to groups of expert (n = 51) and general (n = 134) physiotherapists (PTs) to test its discriminative power. Reliability was tested in a subgroup of 118 PTs by computing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). QIP-HKOA items were included if they were considered to be related to the cornerstones of physiotherapy in hip and knee OA (exercises and education), had discriminative power and/or if they were followed by <75% of PTs in both groups. RESULTS: Nineteen indicators were derived from 41 recommendations. Twelve indicators were considered to be the cornerstones of physiotherapy care; six indicators had discriminative power and/or were followed by <75% PTs in both groups, resulting in an 18-item QIP- HKOA. The QIP-HKOA score was significantly higher with expert [60.73; standard deviation (SD) 5.67] than with general PTs (54.65; SD 6.17) (p < 0.001). The ICC of the QIP-HKOA among 46/118 PTs was 0.89. CONCLUSION: The QIP-HKOA, based on 18 process indicators derived from a physiotherapy guideline on hip and knee OA was found to be reliable and discriminated between expert and general PTs. Its ability to measure improvement in the quality of the process of physiotherapy care needs to be further examined.

Quality indicators for physiotherapy in Parkinson's disease.

AIM: The aim of this study was to develop quality indicators for physiotherapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) according to international criteria. METHODS: Indicators were based on an evidence-based guideline for physiotherapy in PD. Guideline recommendations were transformed into indicators and rated for their relevance by an expert panel. Relevant indicators were incorporated into a questionnaire termed ''Quality Indicators for Physiotherapy in PD'' (QIP-PD). The QIP-PD was piloted among 105 physiotherapists. The adjusted version was evaluated in 46 physiotherapists with specific expertise in PD and in 795 general physiotherapists. The following clinimetric aspects of the QIP-PD were tested: completeness of answers, response distribution, internal consistency, and discriminative power. The reliability of the QIP-PD was evaluated by interviews among a randomly selected cohort of 32 PD experts and 32 general physiotherapists. RESULTS: The expert panel selected 16 indicators, which were transformed into an adjusted 17-item QIP-PD. The adjusted QIP-PD was completed by 41 expert physiotherapists and 286 general physiotherapists. Comple-teness of item scores ranged from 95-98%. Six items were excluded from the final analyses as they showed ceiling effect among both groups, or lacked discriminative power. The total QIP-PD score for the 11 items was significantly higher for expert physiotherapists (35.1+/-4.2) compared to general physiotherapists (22.2+/-7.7; P=0.01). Internal consistency was good (Crohnbach's alpha 0.84). QIP-PD scores of therapists and interviewers (correlated using Intraclass Correlations Coefficients) ranged from 0.63 to 0.75. CONCLUSIONS: The QIP-PD is a relevant, feasible, valid, discriminative and reliable instrument to measure adherence to guidelines for physiotherapy in PD. In addition, the results underscore that quality improvement interventions for physiotherapy in PD are needed, as guideline adherence is suboptimal in physiotherapists without specific PD expertise.

Aetiology and management of work-related upper extremity disorders.

Work-related upper extremity disorders are a major cause for complaints and disability in worker populations. They may consist of a range of symptoms in the upper extremity, either clearly localised or more widespread, and are usually preceded or affected by exposure to physical activities and/or postures at work. In order to develop effective management strategies, both from a prevention and treatment perspective, more knowledge is needed with regard to the nature, pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors of this group of disorders. This chapter reviews the clinical manifestations, mechanisms and aetiology of work-related upper extremity disorders through an exploration of the literature. We also examine and discuss the evidence for the effectiveness of several preventative and therapeutic interventions.