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1.
Public Health ; 219: 22-30, 2023 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37087859

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We analyze the dynamics of the mental well-being of the Chilean population in response to the progress of the vaccination strategy implemented by the government. STUDY DESIGN: This study aims at investigating the possibility of using Google Trends as an instrument for tracking mental well-being of the Chilean population. METHODS: We use the volume of searches for keywords in Google Trends (GT) related to Anguish, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress as a proxy for population well-being. Using event study methods, we analyze social attention reactions to news about the vaccination program. We implement a Difference-in-Difference-in-Differences estimation to estimate changes in population welfare by socio-economic status induced by the progress of inoculation. RESULTS: We show that social attention to mental health problems is sensitive to news about the vaccination program. Moreover, and most importantly, we find that mental well-being responds positively to the percentage of inoculated people. This phenomenon appear to be permanent and affected by socio-economic status, with the wealthier population experiencing greater improvements than the less wealthy. CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 vaccination program in Chile, social attention to mental health problems appears to be sensitive to news about the vaccination program. There is also strong evidence of socio-economic status-induced heterogeneity in population responses to program implementation. The above phenomena appears to be permanent and cannot be attributed to either socio-economic segregation in access to vaccines or to the highly stratified schedule of the vaccination program.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Humans , Chile/epidemiology , Search Engine , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Vaccination/psychology
2.
Prev Vet Med ; 167: 196-201, 2019 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29548581

ABSTRACT

This short communication investigated in vitro differences between commercial disinfectants types (n = 36), doses of application, and time of action in the elimination of Piscirickettsia salmonis, the most important bacterium affecting farmed salmon in Chile. Seven different treatments were examined, including active and inactive chlorine dioxides, glutaraldehyde, hypochlorite disinfectants and detergents, peracetic acid, peroxides and other miscellaneous methods A 3 replicate set of each of the sample groups was stored at 20 °C and 95% relative humidity and retested after 1, 5 and 30 min with varying doses (low, recommended and high doses). Multiple comparison tests were performed for the mean log CFU/ml among different disinfectant types, dose (ppm) and time of exposure (minutes) on the reduction of P. salmonis. Overall, disinfection using peracetic acid, peroxides, and both active and inactive chlorine dioxides caused significantly higher reduction of >7.5 log CFU/ml in samples, compared to other tested sanitizers. The lowest reduction was obtained after disinfection with hypochlorite detergents. As expected, as doses and time of action increase, there was a significant reduction of the overall counts of P. salmonis. However, at lowest doses, only use of paracetic acids resulted in zero counts. Implementation of effective protocols, making use of adequate disinfectants, may enhance biosecurity, and ultimately, mitigate the impact of P. salmonis in farmed salmon.


Subject(s)
Disinfectants/pharmacology , Piscirickettsia/drug effects , Animals , Disinfectants/administration & dosage , Disinfection/methods , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Time Factors
3.
J Fish Dis ; 40(8): 1055-1063, 2017 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28075013

ABSTRACT

Early reports accounted for two main genotypes of Piscirickettsia salmonis, a fish pathogen and causative agent of piscirickettsiosis, placing the single isolate EM-90 apart from the prototypic LF-89 and related isolates. In this study, we provide evidence that, contrary to what has been supposed, the EM-90-like isolates are highly prevalent and disseminated across Chilean marine farms. Molecular analysis of 507 P. salmonis field isolates derived from main rearing areas, diverse hosts and collected over 6 years, revealed that nearly 50% of the entire collection were indeed typed as EM-90-like. Interestingly, these isolates showed a marked host preference, being recovered exclusively from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) samples. Although both strains produce undistinguishable pathological outcomes, differences regarding growth kinetics and susceptibility to the antibiotics and bactericidal action of serum could be identified. In sum, our results allow to conclude that the EM-90-like isolates represent an epidemiologically relevant group in the current situation of piscirickettsiosis. Based on the consistency between genotype and phenotype exhibited by this strain, we point out the need for genotypic studies that may be as important for the Chilean salmon industry as the continuous surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Fish Diseases/epidemiology , Oncorhynchus , Piscirickettsia/physiology , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/veterinary , Salmo salar , Animals , Chile/epidemiology , Fish Diseases/microbiology , Genotype , Piscirickettsia/drug effects , Piscirickettsia/genetics , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/epidemiology , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/microbiology , Prevalence , Sequence Analysis, DNA
4.
Comput Biol Med ; 76: 238-49, 2016 09 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27504744

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a method for an automatic extraction of geometric features, related to weight parameters, from 3D facial data acquired with low-cost depth scanners. The novelty of the method relies both on the processing of the 3D facial data and on the definition of the geometric features which are conceptually simple, robust against noise and pose estimation errors, computationally efficient, invariant with respect to rotation, translation, and scale changes. Experimental results show that these measurements are highly correlated with weight, BMI, and neck circumference, and well correlated with waist and hip circumference, which are markers of central obesity. Therefore the proposed method strongly supports the development of interactive, non obtrusive systems able to provide a support for the detection of weight-related problems.


Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/physiology , Body Weight/physiology , Face/anatomy & histology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Female , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Male , Middle Aged , Photogrammetry , Young Adult
5.
J Fish Dis ; 39(4): 441-8, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26660665

ABSTRACT

Antibiotics have been extensively used against infections produced by Piscirickettsia salmonis, a fish pathogen and causative agent of piscirickettsiosis and one of the major concerns for the Chilean salmon industry. Therefore, the emergence of resistant phenotypes is to be expected. With the aim of obtaining a landscape of the antimicrobial resistance of P. salmonis in Chile, the susceptibility profiles for quinolones, florfenicol and oxytetracycline (OTC) of 292 field isolates derived from main rearing areas, different hosts and collected over 5 years were assessed. The results allowed for the determination of epidemiological cut-off values that were used to characterize the pathogen population. This work represents the first large-scale field study addressing the antimicrobial susceptibility of P. salmonis, providing evidence of the existence of resistant types with a high incidence of resistance to quinolones. Remarkably, despite the amounts and frequency of therapies, our results disclosed that the issue of resistance to florfenicol and OTC is still in the onset.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Fish Diseases/microbiology , Piscirickettsia/drug effects , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/microbiology , Animals , Chile , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Fishes/microbiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Piscirickettsia/isolation & purification , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/veterinary
7.
Eur J Clin Nutr ; 61(1): 111-8, 2007 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16885934

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We sought to define plasma homocysteine reference values in healthy individuals in the Canary Islands and to determine its relations to folate and vitamin B12 intakes and concentrations. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Population-based representative sample of 557 participants, aged 18-65 years, from the Canary Islands Nutrition Survey (ENCA). SUBJECTS: All participants completed two 24-h dietary recalls and a general questionnaire collecting socio-demographic and health-related lifestyle information. INTERVENTIONS: Plasma homocysteine and serum vitamin B12 levels were measured by immunoassay, whereas folate levels through an automated ionic capturing method. RESULTS: Median plasma homocysteine was 11.9 micromol/l, higher in men (13.1 micromol/l) than in women (10.9 micromol/l) (P<0.001) and positively associated with age in both sexes (P<0.001). The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia (> or = 15 micromol/l), 21.4%, was also greater in men (32.2%) than in women (13.4%). There were significant negative correlations between plasma homocysteine and serum (r=-0.32, P<0.001) and erythrocyte (r=-0.26, P<0.001) folate, as well as serum vitamin B12 (r=-0.28, P<0.001) concentrations. When divided in quartiles of vitamin intakes or concentrations, men with the lowest vitamin B12 and folate serum values had significantly higher plasma homocysteine concentrations than those in the other three quartiles. In women, hyperhomocysteinaemia was higher in the lowest quartiles of folate intake and serum and erythrocyte folate concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide further evidence that hyperhomocysteinaemia is a sensitive marker of inadequate folate and vitamin B12 status, allowing for the identification of those with greatest need for nutritional interventions.


Subject(s)
Diet , Folic Acid/administration & dosage , Homocysteine/blood , Hyperhomocysteinemia/epidemiology , Vitamin B 12/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Biomarkers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Erythrocytes/chemistry , Female , Folic Acid/metabolism , Humans , Hyperhomocysteinemia/blood , Life Style , Male , Mental Recall , Middle Aged , Nutrition Surveys , Prevalence , Reference Values , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vitamin B 12/metabolism
8.
Public Health Nutr ; 9(8A): 1089-98, 2006 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17378946

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of relation between metabolic syndrome (MS) and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ATP III definition of MS was used. Adherence to MD was assessed with a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Intakes of cereal, fruit, legumes, vegetables, fish, nuts, monounsaturated to saturated ratio, alcohol from red wine, whole-fat dairy products and red meat were considered. SETTING: Representative sample of population from the Canary Islands (Spain) participating in the Canarian Nutrition Survey (ENCA). SUBJECTS: 578 adults>18 years. RESULTS: Of the subjects, 24.4% presented MS. Once adjusted, MD adherence was not related to MS prevalence, but subjects in the third tertile of adherence presented 70% lower prevalence of the blood pressure criteria and 2.5 times more prevalence of the glycaemia criteria with respect to the first tertile. Red meat intake was associated with higher prevalence of blood pressure criteria. Moderate alcohol intake from red wine was associated with lower prevalence of these criteria in women and lower prevalence of HDL cholesterol criteria in men. Fruit intake showed a protective effect on triglyceride criteria, whereas vegetable intake was associated with higher prevalence of this criterion. Cereals' intake showed a protective effect over insulin resistance measured by high insulinaemia level. Fruit intake showed a significative protective effect over high Homeostasis Model Assessment index. Whole-fat dairy products showed a significant protective effect on the glycaemia criteria. High monounsaturated to saturated fatty acid intake showed a protective effect on insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Some components of the MD showed a protective effect on the MS and its components.


Subject(s)
Diet, Mediterranean , Metabolic Syndrome/diet therapy , Patient Compliance , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Behavior , Humans , Insulin Resistance , Life Style , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/prevention & control , Middle Aged , Nutrition Surveys , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
9.
Public Health Nutr ; 9(8A): 1104-9, 2006 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17378948

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ensures an adequate intake of B vitamins and w-3 fatty acids. A protective role on depression has been suggested for both nutrients. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis from the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) prospective cohort study. Data from 9670 participants (4211 men and 5459 women) were analised. Logistic regression analyses were fitted to assess the association between B-vitamins and w-3 fatty acids intake (quintiles) and the prevalence of depression. RESULTS: Folate intake was inversely associated with depression prevalence among men, especially smokers. Among women, B12 vitamin intake was inversely associated with depression, especially among smokers and physically active women. No significant associations were observed for w-3 fatty acids intake. CONCLUSIONS: The adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ensures an adequate intake of fruits, nuts, vegetables, cereals, legumes or fish, important sources of nutrients linked to depression prevention.


Subject(s)
Depression/epidemiology , Diet, Mediterranean/psychology , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/metabolism , Folic Acid Deficiency/diet therapy , Vitamin B Deficiency/diet therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/diet therapy , Depression/prevention & control , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage , Feeding Behavior , Female , Folic Acid/administration & dosage , Folic Acid/metabolism , Folic Acid Deficiency/psychology , Humans , Life Style , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Vitamin B 12/administration & dosage , Vitamin B 12/metabolism , Vitamin B 6/administration & dosage , Vitamin B 6/metabolism , Vitamin B Deficiency/psychology
10.
Rev. chil. cir ; 57(3): 209-212, jun. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-425196

ABSTRACT

Nuestro objetivo es describir el perfil biodemográfico y analizar cómo fueron reparadas las hernias incisionales por los cirujanos del Hospital Base de Osorno entre enero de 2000 y julio de 2004. Se presenta una serie de casos de 201 pacientes intervenidos por hernia incisional, 35 hombres (17,4 por ciento) y 166 mujeres (82.6 por ciento) con edad promedio de 58 años, con IMC promedio de 34 y alta frecuencia de cirugía de urgencia. Un 96 por ciento no presentó infecciones del sitio operatorio. La mayoría fueron reparadas con cierre primario y solo un 11.5 por ciento de los pacientes reparados fue reforzado con malla. Un 36.8 por ciento de los pacientes tenían recidiva de hernia incisional previa. No hay diferencias biodemógraficas entre la población con hernia incisional reparada por primera vez y el grupo con recidiva de hernia incisional. Nuestros resultados no son bueno en la reparación de hernias incisionales, son parte del reflejo de las características propias de los pacientes como son la obesidad y las enfermedades crónicas, además son pacientes que se reparan en su gran mayoría de urgencia donde las condiciones no siempre son las mejores.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Hernia, Ventral/surgery , Hernia, Ventral/rehabilitation , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/rehabilitation , Laparotomy/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Recurrence , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Surgical Mesh
11.
Kinesiologia ; (71): 38-45, jun. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-362822

ABSTRACT

Propósito: La flexibilidad como cualidad física debe ser considerada por su influencia en la motricidad humana. Su complejidad se hace evidente desde su definición debido a las variables involucradas en ella, por tal motivo, se trata de definir el alcance conceptual de su significado, los isquiotibiales por sus características anatómicas y biomecánicas se utilizan frecuentemente para el estudio de esta cualidad física. El propósito de este trabajo, es realizar un análisis comparativo entre diferentes métodos de medición de flexibilidad en isquiotibiales. Resultados: Se revisaron 10 test de evaluación de flexibilidad de isquiotibiales clasificándolos en dos modalidades: test de sentarse y alcanzar y test en posición supina, presentando confiabilidad similar y mayor validez los test en posición supina. En la bateria de test de sentarse y alcanzar, la modificación para protección de columna (MBS) reúne el mayor número de ventajas comparativas. Conclusiones: En base al material recopilado, no se logró un acuerdo en la definición de flexibilidad. Las propiedades pasivas del grupo muscular isquiotibial son un buen traductor en el estudio de la flexibilidad. Hay aspectos metodológicos y técnicos que requieren mayor desarrollo y profundización en lo que se refiere a los test goniométricos.


Subject(s)
Muscles , Pliability
12.
Rev. chil. cienc. méd. biol ; 13(2): 31-34, 2003. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-401548

ABSTRACT

En muchos países se han realizados observaciones sobre la antropometría del recién nacido (RN), con el propósito de tener conceptos más exactos de su desarrollo y establecer normas para características tales como talla, peso y circunferencia craneana. Esto motivó a realizar un estudio antropométrico de estas características, para lo cual se registraron las correspondientes mediciones en 327 recién nacidos chilenos, de los cuales 154 eran mapuches y 173 no mapuches, de ambos sexos, provenientes de los hospitales de Temuco, Galvarino, Nueva Imperial, Carahue y Puerto Saavedra de IX Región, Chile. Los registros se realizaron dentro de las primeras 6 horas de vida y para ello se confeccionó una ficha. La talla promedio obtenida fue de 49.7 ± 2.2 cm, con rangos que variaron entre 49.0 y 54.0 cm; el peso promedio fue de 3.55 ± 4.6 kg con una variación de 2.370 y 4.860 kg y el perímetro cefálico promedio fue de 34.6 ± 1.7 cm con una variación entre 31.0 y 51.0 cm. El peso fue mayor en recién nacidos mapuches que en no mapuches. El perímetro cefálico es levemente mayor en recién nacidos masculinos que en femeninos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Anthropometry , Body Composition , Chile
13.
Kinesiologia ; (67): 50-56, jun. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-340188

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo mediante una revisión bibliográfica, consiste en una actualización de la musculatura isquiotibial, análisis del sobreestiramiento muscular y el rol de la flexibilidad como cualidad física en la prevención de lesiones, dada la alta incidencia de estas en el ámbito deportivo y clínico. Para el cumplimiento de dicho objetivo se incluyen consideraciones anatómicas de la zona de estudio y consideraciones patokinéticas del sobreestiramiento muscular (definición, características y clasificación), así como una descripción de un sistema de medición goniométrico y una comparación en tiempos de estiramientos utilizados en estudios destinados a obtener ganancias en la flexibilidad en isquiotibiales. Con la información recopilada se identifican los factores predisponentes, el mecanismo y la zona anatómica más recurrente de la lesión, tiempos de trabajos específicos de estiramientos de acuerdo a ciertos grupos etáreos y la influencia de la flexibilidad en la incidencia de lesiones


Subject(s)
Humans , Muscles/injuries , Exercise Therapy , Muscles/physiopathology
14.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 80(1): 43-51, 2001 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11393309

ABSTRACT

Serum manganese (Mn) concentrations of 368 individuals 6-75 yr of age (179 males and 189 females) living in the Canary Islands were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean manganese concentration was 1.06+/-0.62 microg/L, ranging between 0.19 and 3.33 microg/L. Most of the analyzed samples (63.3% of the samples) fall within the reference interval (0.54-1.76 microg/L) for apparently healthy people. Individuals from Fuerteventura presented with mean Mn concentrations significantly higher than individuals from the rest of the islands. This could be attributed to differences in the Mn content of soil and/or differences in dietary habits of the population. Serum Mn concentration did not vary with gender, and individuals younger than 18 yr old had the highest mean Mn concentration, compared to the rest of the age groups considered. No relation to socioeconomic status, educational level, and tobacco or alcohol consumption was found. However, the serum Mn concentration tended to decrease when increasing the consumption of wine or beer. Sportsmen presented significantly higher serum Mn concentrations than the rest.


Subject(s)
Manganese/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Alcohol Drinking/metabolism , Atlantic Islands , Child , Child, Preschool , Education , Exercise/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Factors , Smoking/metabolism , Social Class , Spain , Spectrophotometry, Atomic
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 127(9): 1079-85, sept. 1999. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-255283

ABSTRACT

Background: Postural alterations of the shoulders, dorsal spine and hips could have an influence on the development of craniomandibular dysfunctions. Aim: To study the influence of body posture on the prevalence of craniomandibular dysfunction. Subjects and methods: One hundred thirty six dental students and 41 patients assisting to the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) clinic at the Freie Universität at Berlin, were studied. Masticator, cervical muscles, temporomandibular joints and occlusions were clinically examined. The position of shoulders and hips was measured with the use of an acromiopelvimeter. Results: No relationship was found between postural alterations of the hips and shoulders, articular noises and sensibility or pain while palpating the temporomandibular joints. Among students, a relationship between postural alterations of the shoulders and the sensibility or pain while palpating the TMJ, was observed. When all muscles were considered, a significant relationship between asymmetric shoulders or hips and muscular pain while palpating was observed among students. Conclusions: Some symptoms, especially muscular sensibility is more pronounced in people with hip and shoulder asymmetries. This relation is more pronounced in dental students than in patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Posture , Shoulder , Craniomandibular Disorders/etiology , Hip , Biotypology , Palpation , Signs and Symptoms , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/etiology
16.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 68(1): 7-10, ene.-feb. 1997.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-195014

ABSTRACT

Con los propósitos de describir la incidencia de divertpiculo de Meckel en necropsias de niños fallecidos por otras causas, las principales formas de presentación clínica de la afección y la correlación de las manifestaciones con la presencia de mucosa heterotópica en la anomalía, se revisaron todas las 3244 autopsias realizadas entre los años 1970 y 1995 en un hospital pediátrico de Santiago metropolitano y los registros clínicos de 66 pacientes a los cuales se les extirpó un divertículo de Meckel en el mismo período. Se encontró divertículo de Meckel en 45 niños (28 varones, proporción m: f= 1,6: 1) sometidos a necropsia (1,38 por ciento). En el mismo período se extirparon divertículos de Meckel sintomáticos a 66 pacientes (49 varones, proporción m: f= 2,8: 1) entre 14 días y 14 años de edad, 33 (50 por ciento) consultaron por hemorragia digestiva, 18 (27 por ciento) por obstrucción intestinal, 11 por síntomas que simulaban apendicitis aguda y 4 hernia inguinal. En todos los casos que sugerían apendicitis el divertículo mostraba signos de inflamación y en 10 estaba perforado. Sólo en uno de 23 casos de hallazgo en autopsia en que fue posible el examen microscópico se encontró mucosa ectópica (gástrica). En 45 de los 66 divertículos extirpados por dar síntomas clínicos se encontró mucosa gástrica y en 57 por ciento de ellos la afección se manifestó por hemorragia digestiva. En 4 pacientes se encontró mucosa pancreática y en una un mixoma. En 54 de 66 pacientes fue posible identificar mucosa gástrica o bandas dependientes del divertículo, por lo que la presencia de ambas constituye a nuestro juicio una indicación de extirpación en caso de hallazgo incidental durante cirugía abdominal


Subject(s)
Cohort Studies , Meckel Diverticulum/epidemiology , Autopsy/statistics & numerical data , Choristoma/complications , Meckel Diverticulum/surgery , Meckel Diverticulum/complications , Meckel Diverticulum/pathology , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Signs and Symptoms
17.
Odontol. chil ; 44(1): 13-6, jun. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-200114

ABSTRACT

En relación a las diferentes manifestaciones clíncias del bruxismo, se estudian un grupo de estudiantes de la Universidad de la Frontera de Temuco, a través de un cuestionario confeccionado por los autores. Se encontró un 14.2 por ciento de bruxismo nocturno y 25.3 por ciento de bruxismo diurno. Se analiza por sexo y en relación a síntomas como cefaleas, ruido articular y otros


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Bruxism , Bruxism/etiology , Bruxism/physiopathology , Craniomandibular Disorders , Stomatognathic System/physiopathology , Surveys and Questionnaires
18.
Odontol. chil ; 44(1): 35-9, jun. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-200118

ABSTRACT

Se informa acerca de los aspectos más sobresalientes del curriculum de la carrera de odontología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. Se mencionan los estamentos que participaron en su creación. Se describen las 4 líneas curriculares que tiene la malla curricular, enfatizando a la Unidad de Integración como eje articulador e integrador de éstas. Se resalta la distribución de la Salud Pública y Prevención, como así también la perspectiva de las ciencias morfológicas y la orientación que tienen las clínicas integradas dentro del modelo Docencia Servicio Investigación impulsado por el Departamento de Odontología del Ministerio de Salud. El internado, de un año de duración, será en su totalidad docente-asistencial, urbano y rural, orientado a la atención integral del adulto y del niño


Subject(s)
Curriculum/trends , Schools, Dental , Teaching Care Integration Services/trends , Internship and Residency/trends , Comprehensive Dental Care/trends , Ethics , Health Workforce/trends , Preventive Dentistry/education , Public Health/education
20.
An. anat. norm ; 5(5): 196-203, 1987. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-98337

ABSTRACT

Desde que Dandy (1934) asoció la comprensión de las raíces del V par con la neuralgia, muchas publicaciones se han referido al problema. En este trabajo, nuestros objetivos se orientaron a estudiar la estructura y la irrigación del V par, para buscar una probable asociación entre éstas con las alteraciones dolorosas del trigémino. Para realizar nuestro estudio se inyectaron 30 nervios de perro con a) gelatina y tinta china; b) látex neopreno; c) acrílico de autopolimeración. Los especímenes inyectados con los medios a) y b) fueron diafanizados según técnica de Spalteholtz y los con c) fueron corroídos con Na OH. Posteriormente este material diafanizado y/o teñido con Hematoxilina-Eosina fue estudiado bajo microscopio óptico con aumentos de 4x, 10x, 40x y 100x. Los especímenes inyectados con acrílico fueron observados bajo microscopía electrónica de barrido. Entre las conclusiones más importantes podemos indicar: 1. Las raíces poseen un perineuro muy escaso y el ipineuro está prácticamente ausente. 2. Existe un área de las raíces, cercano al puente, donde se observa una menor densidad vascular. 3. Esta área coincide con la ubicación de las comprensiones vasculares descritas por los autores consultados, especialmente en enfermedades con neuralgia al trigémino. 4. El ganglio tiene una abundante irrigación, especialmente alrededor de las neuronas (anillos vasculares). 5. Las irrigaciones de los ramos periféricos es muy abundante y semejante a los otros nervios periféricos. Las raíces por su estructura y vascularización representan el área más débil del V par, frente a cualquier traumatismo o comprensión


Subject(s)
Humans , Trigeminal Nerve/blood supply , Trigeminal Nerve/ultrastructure
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