Redução da presença de staphylococcus aureus com o uso de diferentes antissépticos em um rebanho leiteiro / Reduction of the presence of staphylococcus aureus with the use of different antiseptics in a dairy herd

A mastite está entre as principais enfermidades na pecuária leiteira, é considerada endêmica e onerosa para os produtores leiteiros e indústrias de laticínios. O Staphylococcus aureus está envolvido na maioria dos casos de mastite bovina, sendo disseminado de forma contagiosa. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do pré dipping, utilizando três princípios ativos comerciais para redução bacteriana do S. aureus, isolados do leite in natura, provenientes de um rebanho leiteiro localizado na região nordeste do município de Garibaldi, RS. Foram avaliadas 36 fêmeas bovinas e três antissépticos (iodo, clorexidina e ácido lático). Após a higienização, de acordo com cada experimento, foram desprezados os três primeiros jatos sendo colhidos 30 mL de leite em frascos estéreis, totalizando 144 amostras in natura, semeadas em placas de Ágar Baird Parker e procedeu- se à contagem das unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC/mL). As análises foram realizadas durante o mês de outubro de 2016. Foi evidente a redução microbiana das estirpes de S. aureus com o uso dos antissépticos, no entanto não foi suficiente para verificar uma ação bactericida. Os resultados mostraram redução significativa do crescimento do S. aureus nas amostras analisadas, a maior efetividade na redução foi verificada com o uso do iodo com 66,67%, seguido de 37,50% de redução com o uso da clorexidina e 29,17% de redução com o uso do ácido lático. A partir destes dados, conclui-se que a aplicação dos antissépticos utilizados é uma prática fundamental para reduzir a contaminação de patógenos nos tetos das bovinas, sendo medidas higienicossanitário efetivas para garantir a segurança do leite in natura.(AU)

Mastitis is among the main diseases in dairy farming, it is considered endemic and expensive for the dairy producers and industries. The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is involved in the majority of the cases of bovine mastitis, being spread contagiously. In this regard, the present study aims to evaluate the efficiency of pre-dipping, using three commercial active principles for bacterial reduction of Staphylococcus aureus; isolated from milk in natura, proceeding from a dairy herd in the northeast region of the city of Garibaldi, RS. 36 female bovines and three antiseptics were evaluated (iodine, chlorhexidine and lactic acid). After the hygienic cleaning in accordance with each trial, the first three shots of milk were rejected and 1.01 fl oz of milk was harvested in sterile bottles, making a total of 144 samples in natura cultured in plates of Baird Parker Agar. Afterwards, the number of Colony Forming Units (CFU/fl oz) was counted. The analyses had been carried through during the month of October of 2016. The microbial reduction of the strains of S. aureus was evident with the use of antiseptics, however, it was not enough to verify a bactericidal effect. The results have shown significant reduction of the growth of S. aureus in the analyzed samples, the biggest effect in the reduction was verified with the use of iodine, 66.67%, followed by 37, 50% of reduction with the use of chlorhexidine and 29.17% of reduction with the use of lactic acid. From these data, we are able to conclude that the use of these tested antiseptics is essential to reduce the contamination of pathogens on the teats of the bovine. These are hygienicalsanitary measures effective to guarantee the aptness of milk in natura

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on hepatic and serum lipid profiles in zebrafish exposed to ethanol.

Zebrafish is a powerful tool in pharmacological research and useful to identify new therapies. Probiotics can offer therapeutic options in alcoholic liver disease. This study was done in two independent experiments: first, we confirmed the intestinal colonization of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) after ethanol exposure. Second, four groups were performed: control (C), probiotic (P), ethanol (E), and probiotic+ethanol (P+E). Liver histology, hepatocytes morphometry, hepatic and serum lipid quantifications were conducted in second experiment. During 4 weeks, P and P+E groups were fed with LGG supplemented feed; E and C unsupplemented. E and P+E groups received 0.5% of ethanol added into tank water. Zebrafish exposed to ethanol (E group) presented intense liver steatosis after 28 days in contrast to the almost normalized liver histology of P+E group at the same period. Liver morphometry showed a significant enlargement of hepatocytes of E group after 4 weeks (p<0.0001). Serum triglycerides decreased in P+E group compared with C, P (p<0.001), and E (p=0.004), after 14 and 28 days similarly. Serum cholesterol was also decreased by LGG; P group decreased compared with C and E after 14 days (p=0.002 and p=0.007, respectively) and P+E group decreased significantly compared with E and C groups (p<0.0001) after 28 days. Hepatic triglycerides were reduced in P+E group after 28 days compared to E (p=0.006). The persistence of LGG in zebrafish intestines was demonstrated. LGG decreased serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol and improved hepatic steatosis.

First report of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter nosocomialis isolates harboring ISAba1-blaOXA-23 genes in Latin America.

In recent years, different resistance genes have been found in Acinetobacter spp., especially in the species A. baumannii. We describe two isolates of carbapenem-resistant A. nosocomialis harboring ISAba1-blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 found in patients from the city of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of carbapenem-resistant A. nosocomialis in Latin America.