ABSTRACT
Patient-reported outcomes data assessing patients' experience of immunotherapy treatment burden in potentially curable early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are lacking. These patient-reported data inform clinical benefit and decision-making for adding atezolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage TNBC. IMpassion031 (NCT03197935) randomly assigned patients with stage II/III TNBC (T2-T4d primary tumors) to 5 cycles (4 weeks/cycle) of every 2-week neoadjuvant atezolizumab 840 mg or placebo with weekly nab-paclitaxel (3 cycles) followed by every 2-week dose-dense doxorubicin+cyclophosphamide (2 cycles). After surgery, the atezolizumab-chemotherapy arm received atezolizumab 1200 mg every 3 weeks (11 cycles). The placebo-chemotherapy arm was observed under standard of care. To assess treatment burden from the patients' perspective, which comprised measures of the treatment-related impact on patients' functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), as well as patients' experience of treatment-related symptoms plus their associated bother, patients completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 and FACT-G single-item GP5. Predefined secondary endpoints included mean and mean change from baseline values in the QLQ-C30 function (role and physical) and global health status/quality of life scales. Exploratory endpoints included mean and mean change from baseline in treatment-related symptoms, and treatment side effect bother. Mean physical, role function, and HRQoL were similar between arms at baseline and throughout treatment. In the neoadjuvant period, both arms exhibited clinically meaningful declines of similar magnitude from baseline in physical, role function, and HRQoL, and reported similar treatment side effect to bother at each visit. Improved pathologic complete response from adding atezolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage TNBC occurred without imposing additional treatment burden on patients.
ABSTRACT
Os macroinvertebrados bentônicos são amplamente utilizados como bioindicadores de qualidade da água em todo o mundo, devido, as suas características fisiológicas e morfológicas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da água do rio das Pedras,no município de Matelândia, Oeste do Estado do Paraná, na estação seca, utilizando-se de macroinvertebrados bentônicos como bioindicador, e identificar o tempo ideal de incubação dos litter bags. Sessenta litter bags foram confeccionados com folhas de árvores nativas provenientes da floresta ripária e incubadosno rio das Pedras. Oito litter bags foram coletados nos intervalos de três, sete,14, 28, 35 e 42 dias. Os macroinvertebrados bentônicos foram identificados em nível de família e foi aplicado o índice Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System. Com este estudo concluiu-se que o rio das Pedras possui águas não poluídas, demonstrando que o sistema é perceptivelmente não alterado. O tempo de incubação dos litter bags para obtenção do resultado quanto à avaliação da qualidade de água pelo índice Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System foi de sete dias e para analisar a estrutura da comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos foi de 28 dias.
Benthic macroinvertebrates are widely used as bioindicators of water quality due to their physiological and morphological characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the water quality at Rio das Pedras, in the city of Matelândia, Western Paraná, in the dry season, using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators, and to identify the optimal time for the incubation of litter bags. Sixty litter bags were prepared with leaves from native trees from the riparian forest and incubated in Rio das Pedras river. Eight litter bags were collected at intervals of 3, 7, 14, 28, 35 and 42 days. The benthic macroinvertebrates were identified at the family level and the Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System index was applied. With this study, it can be concluded that the Rio das Pedras river has unpolluted waters, demonstrating that the system has hardly been changed. The litter bag incubation period in order to obtain the results for evaluating the water quality index for the Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System was of seven days, and the period to analyze the structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was of 28 days.
Los macroinvertebrados bentónicos son ampliamente utilizados como bioindicadores de calidad del agua en todo el mundo, debido sus características fisiológicas y morfológicas. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar la calidad de las aguas del Rio das Pedras, en el municipio de Matelândia, oeste del Estado de Paraná, en la estación seca, utilizándose de macroinvertebrados bentónicos como bioindicador, e identificar el tiempo ideal de incubación de los litter bags. Sesenta litter bags han sido confeccionados con hojas de árboles nativas procedentes de la floresta ribera e incubados en el Rio das Pedras. Ocho litter bags fueron recogidos en intervalos de tres, siete, catorce, veintiocho, treinta y cinco y cuarenta y dos días. Los macroinvertebrados bentónicos fueron identificados en nivel de familia y aplicado el índice Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System. Con esta investigación se ha concluido que el Rio das Pedras no tiene aguas contaminadas, demostrando que el sistema no es alterado. El tiempo de incubación de los litter bags para obtención del resultado cuanto a la evaluación de la calidad del agua por el índice Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System fue de siete días, y para analizar la estructura de la comunidad de macroinvertebrados bentónicos fue de 28 días.