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1.
Health Soc Work ; 2024 May 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38822673

ABSTRACT

Based on stress sensitization theory and stress proliferation theory, this study was designed to identify adverse childhood experience (ACE) classes and their relationships with perceived stress and self-care behaviors. Hypotheses were that (a) there would be diverse ACE classes among African American social work students; (b) the identified classes embedded in high/multiple ACEs would have greater levels of perceived stress than those in low ACEs; and (c) the identified classes embedded in high/multiple ACEs would have lower levels of self-care behaviors than those in low ACEs. Recruited from one of the South's historically Black colleges and universities, 186 African American social work students completed an online survey. Latent class analysis found three classes fit the data best: low ACEs, high divorce/abuse/neglect, and high/multiple ACEs. Students in the high divorce/abuse/neglect class had the greatest levels of perceived stress and significantly greater perceived stress levels than the low ACEs class. The low ACEs class had greater self-care behaviors than students in the other two ACEs classes. The study revealed diverse ACE classes and the effect of more ACEs on greater perceived stress and lower self-care behaviors, supporting the importance of using a range of approaches to support African American social work students with different ACEs.

2.
J Agric Food Chem ; 71(14): 5770-5782, 2023 Apr 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36977192

ABSTRACT

GCR1 has been proposed as a plant analogue to animal G-protein-coupled receptors that can promote or regulate several physiological processes by binding different phytohormones. For instance, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin A1 (GA1) have been shown to promote or regulate germination and flowering, root elongation, dormancy, and biotic and abiotic stresses, among others. They may act through binding to GCR1, which would put GCR1 at the heart of key signaling processes of agronomic importance. Unfortunately, this GPCR function has yet to be fully validated due to the lack of an X-ray or cryo-EM 3D atomistic structure for GCR1. Here, we used the primary sequence data from Arabidopsis thaliana and the GEnSeMBLE complete sampling method to examine 13 trillion possible packings of the 7 transmembrane helical domains corresponding to GCR1 to downselect an ensemble of 25 configurations likely to be accessible to the binding of ABA or GA1. We then predicted the best binding sites and energies for both phytohormones to the best GCR1 configurations. To provide the basis for the experimental validation of our predicted ligand-GCR1 structures, we identify several mutations that should improve or weaken the interactions. Such validations could help establish the physiological role of GCR1 in plants.


Subject(s)
Arabidopsis Proteins , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/metabolism , Abscisic Acid/metabolism , Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism , Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism , Signal Transduction/physiology , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
3.
Materials (Basel) ; 14(10)2021 May 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34065926

ABSTRACT

Surface texturing has brought significant improvements in the functional properties of parts and components. Sinker electro discharge machining (SEDM) is one of the processes which generates great texturing results at different scale. An electrode is needed to reproduce the geometry to be textured. Some geometries are difficult or impossible to achieve on an electrode using conventional and even unconventional machining methods. This work sets out the advances made in the manufacturing of copper electrodes for electro erosion by additive manufacturing, and their subsequent application to the functional texturing of Al-Cu UNS A92024-T3 alloy. A combined procedure of digital light processing (DLP) additive manufacturing, sputtering and micro-electroforming (AMSME), has been used to produce electrodes. Also, a specific laboratory equipment has been developed to reproduce details on a microscopic scale. Shells with outgoing spherical geometries pattern have been manufactured. AMSME process has shown ability to copper electrodes manufacturing. A highly detailed surface on a micrometric scale have been achieved. Copper shells with minimum thickness close to 300 µm have been tested in sinker electro discharge machining (SEDM) and have been shown very good performance in surface finishing operations. The method has shown great potential for use in surfaces texturing.

4.
Behav Sci (Basel) ; 10(10)2020 Oct 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33036255

ABSTRACT

College students' alcohol consumption remains a significant concern for colleges and universities. However, most research overwhelmingly utilizes White samples from predominantly White universities, limiting knowledge of African American students' drinking behaviors on historically Black campuses. This study examined alcohol usage among African American college students by investigating relationships between alcohol consumption and positive and negative expectancies as well as self-efficacy. A convenience sample of 282 students was used. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) measured alcohol consumption and identified individuals whose consumption created hazardous drinking patterns. Alcohol expectancy was measured by the Alcohol Effects Questionnaire (AEQ), and the Spheres of Control Scale measured self-efficacy. Students in this sample tended to believe that alcohol consumption was linked with more negative than positive alcohol expectancy beliefs. Alcohol expectancies, specifically positive expectancies, appeared to play a significant role in predicting alcohol consumption. There was also a positive relationship between positive expectancies and alcohol consumption. Despite these results, our regression model was only able to account for about 20% of the variance (r2 = 0.187). These findings are important in developing prevention and intervention programs to address the pervasive and critical social ills and reduce alcohol consumption among African American college students.

5.
J Evid Based Soc Work (2019) ; 16(6): 669-686, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32459160

ABSTRACT

Despite the growing prevalence of online courses and programs, there is a lack of information on and continuing debates about their effectiveness on student learning outcomes in social work education.Purpose: The current study was to examine the status of the evaluation of online courses or programs in social work education.Method: Using comprehensive and rigorous methods, 15 articles were reviewed to examine the effectiveness of social work online courses or programs. All reviewed articles were either quantitative or qualitative studies that used process or outcome evaluation.Results: The major criterion for comparison of the effectiveness between the face-to-face and online course was grades.Discussion: There is an overall disconnect with the concrete value and meaning of assessment within social work programs and universities and schools appear to have placed assessment and student learning outcomes secondary to the financial gains that online courses and programs bring.


Subject(s)
Education, Distance , Social Work/education , Humans
6.
Soc Work Public Health ; 29(6): 503-17, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25144693

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlates of termination of parental rights (TPR) for parents with substance use disorder (SUD) and to determine what happens with regard to permanency once a TPR decision is made. Bivariate techniques and hierarchical nonlinear modeling are used. Parents of older youth, boys, and Hispanics were less likely, whereas parents who failed to make progress in substance use treatment and parenting skills are more likely to experience TPR. At follow up, 85% of the children were adopted, 7% remained in a substitute care settings, and 7% were reunified with their parents. Concerns remain for children without a permanent home setting.


Subject(s)
Child Custody/legislation & jurisprudence , Child Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Child of Impaired Parents/legislation & jurisprudence , Civil Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Mothers/legislation & jurisprudence , Parenting , Substance-Related Disorders , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Illinois , Prisoners/legislation & jurisprudence , Risk Factors , Social Work , Substance-Related Disorders/prevention & control , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , United States
7.
Soc Work Public Health ; 25(3): 387-407, 2010 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20446183

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the research was to explore the ability of ad hoc interpreters to integrate into the organizational climate at a federally qualified community health clinic (CHC) and create satisfactory services for limited-English-proficiency clients. Survey and interview data were gathered from staff (n = 17) and Latino clients (n = 30). The data indicate that clients felt satisfied with interpreters. Some friction existed between the interpreters and the medical staff due to incongruent expectations. The CHC's organizational climate and the interpreters' commitment to the Latino community mediated the impact of these tensions on services and satisfaction. The study offers important insight into how ad hoc interpreters can become professional medical interpreters within a limited-resource service environment.


Subject(s)
Communication Barriers , Language , Physician-Patient Relations , Professional-Patient Relations , Translating , Adolescent , Adult , Community Health Centers , Data Collection , Female , Focus Groups , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Satisfaction , United States , Young Adult
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