ABSTRACT
Non-Hodkin's lymphoma (NHL) is the most frequent hematologic malignancy in humans and dogs. NKG2D is one of the most critical receptors on NK cells, recognizing their natural ligands on malignant cells such as A and B major histocompatibility complex-related proteins (MIC-A and MIC-B). Soluble molecules (sMIC-A and sMIC-B) can interfere with immune synapsis between NK cells and tumor cells, impeding NK cytotoxicity. The main objectives of this study were to analyze, in dogs with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, NK cell lymphoma, and reactive lymphadenopathies, the role of NK cells, their activating receptors NKG2D and NKp46, and their ligands MIC-A and MIC-B, as well as soluble molecules sMIC-A and sMIC-B. Thirty-six dogs with a possible diagnosis of NHL and eight healthy dogs were studied. NHL was diagnosed in 28 (78 %) dogs; in the other 8 (22 %), reactive lymphadenopathies were present. Most of the lymphomas corresponded to B cell NHL (82 %). The most predominant subtype was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (21, 71.5 %), followed by five cases (18 %) that were Non-B Non-T lymphomas (presumably NK cell lymphomas) and other B cell lymphomas (3, 10.5%). There were no cases of T cell NHL. MIC-A was positive in 7 of 27 (26 %) cases of NHL, and MIC-B in 20 of 27 (74 %) NHL. In non-malignant lymphadenopathies, three (37.5 %) dogs were positive for MIC-A, and five (62.5 %) expressed MIC-B. Dogs with lymphoma had higher numbers of NK cells than eight healthy dogs. In 15 dogs (12 cases with NHL and three cases with reactive adenopathies) and eight controls, there were no differences in the number of NK cells expressing NKP46 and NKG2D. NHL dogs had higher values of sMIC-A and sMIC-B. B-cell and NK cell lymphomas correspond to 86 % and 14 % of all canine lymphomas. MIC-A, MIC-B, and sMIC-A and sMIC-B were increased in canine lymphomas.
Subject(s)
Dog Diseases , Lymphadenopathy , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Animals , Dogs , Dog Diseases/metabolism , Killer Cells, Natural , Lymphadenopathy/metabolism , Lymphadenopathy/veterinary , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/veterinary , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism , NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/metabolismABSTRACT
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease of unknown etiology, described since 1918 associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC-LAM) and are reported sporadically (S-LAM). It is classified within the group of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) and currently the European Respiratory Society (ERS) has published guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. The objective is to evaluate the clinical presentation of two patients, evolution, management, and review of current treatment. Both patients admitted in our hospital for examination, presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax. Their CT scan shows characteristic cystic lesions and thoracotomy with lung biopsy was performed because lack of expansion and to confirming the diagnosis. Despite the controversy about the optimal management of these patients, there is evidence about the use of progesterone routinely in patients with rapid deterioration of respiratory function when it was provided for a period of at least 12 months. Due to the rareness of the disease, it requires a patient registry to evaluate the use of experimental drugs or include them in research protocols to improve their prognosis.
Subject(s)
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnosis , Adult , Female , HumansABSTRACT
El fibroelastoma papilar en un tumor cardiaco benigno raro, que previo al advenimiento de la ecocardiografía, era diagnosticado sólo en necropsias o de manera incidental en cirugía. Se puede presentar en la fuperficie endocárdica o en cualquiera de las válvulas, y aunque su tañamo generalmente es pequeño, se le asocia a fenómenos embolígenos, dolor torácico y muerte súbita. En este reporte se presenta el primer caso de fibroelastoma papilar, en presencia de una prótesis valvular mecánica en posición mitral, en una paciente de 55 años con cardiopatía reumática inactiva. El tumor fue detectado mediante ecocardiografía transtorácica y transesofágica
