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1.
J Spec Oper Med ; 17(4): 133-137, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29256213

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The latest terrorist attacks in Europe and in the rest of the world, and the military experience in the most recent conflicts leave us with several lessons learned. The most important is that the fate of the wounded rests in the hands of the one who applies the first dressing, because the victims usually die within the first 10 minutes, before professional care providers or police personnel arrive at the scene. A second lesson is that the primary cause of preventable death in these types of incidents involving explosives and firearms is massive hemorraghe. OBJECTIVE: There is a need to develop a training oriented to citizens so they can identify and use available resources to avoid preventable deaths that occur in this kind of incidents, especially massive hemorrhage. METHODS: A 7-hour training intervention program was developed and conducted between January and May 2017. Data were collected from participants' answers on a multiple-choice test before and after undertaking the training. Improved mean score for at least 75% of a group's members on the posttraining test was considered reflective of adequate knowledge. RESULTS: A total of 173 participants (n = 74 men [42.8%]; n = 99 women [57.2%]) attended the training. They were classified into three groups: a group of citizens/ first responders with no prior health training, a group of health professionals, and a group of nursing students. Significant differences (ρ < .05) between mean pre- and post-training test scores occurred in each of the three groups. CONCLUSION: There was a clear improvement in the knowledge of the students after the training when pre- and post-training test scores were compared within the three groups. The greatest improvement was seen in the citizens/first responders group.


Subject(s)
Education, Nonprofessional , First Aid , Hemorrhage/therapy , Terrorism , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Bandages , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Personnel , Hemostatic Techniques , Humans , Male , Program Evaluation , Spain , Students, Nursing , Tourniquets
2.
Rev. ortop. traumatol. (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 47(2): 107-112, mar. 2003. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-26507

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Evaluar las indicaciones, la técnica quirúrgica y los resultados del tratamiento mediante clavos retrógrados en las fracturas supracondíleas de fémur. Material y método. Estudio retrospectivo de 23 pacientes tratados con enclavado intramedular retrógrado y que habían sufrido una fractura supra o supra-intercondílea de fémur. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 68,5 años. Tiempo de seguimiento medio de 22 meses. Resultados. El enclavado intramedular retrógrado más frecuentemente utilizado fue el SCN (Howmedica®) de 200 mm de longitud, con dos agujeros de bloqueo distales de 65 mm cada uno y uno proximal de 30 mm. Seis pacientes tenían implantado un vástago femoral de prótesis de cadera en el mismo lado de la fractura supracondílea y 1 sufrió una fractura por encima del componente femoral de una prótesis total de rodilla. La carga parcial media se inició a los dos meses. La secuela más frecuente fue la rigidez de rodilla. Conclusión. Las indicaciones y resultados obtenidos con este tipo de tratamiento depende de las características propias del paciente, de la calidad ósea y del tipo de fractura originado por el traumatismo. En general los resultados son satisfactorios y con un relativo bajo número de complicaciones, siendo la más frecuente la rigidez de la articulación de la rodilla (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methods , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome
3.
Aten Primaria ; 29(8): 481-5, 2002 May 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12031221

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: MAIN: to encourage the rational use of medication in the treatment of uncomplicated acute cystitis (UAC). SECONDARY: to find the most common germs in our area and their sensitivity to medication, the most common anti-microbials used and patients age, and to evaluate the savings made through a policy of rational use of medication.Design. Retrospective, descriptive, observational study. SETTING: La Solana Health Centre jointly with the biochemistry laboratory of the Talavera Area. PARTICIPANTS: Probabilistic randomised sampling of clinical histories of women between 20 and 80 with episodes of UAC (349 in all) between 01/10/95 and 01/10/00. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: First, the laboratory evaluated 591 urine cultures of complicated/uncomplicated UTI from 01/01/00 to 01/10/00, with study of the germs involved and their sensitivities. 373 positives were isolated: E. coli (78.3%), which had the greatest sensitivity to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and cefixime; Proteus (7.2%) and Streptococcus D (5.8%). Second, clinical records were analysed for the following: antibiotics (norfloxacine and cyprofloxacine, the most common); length of treatment (average of 6.52.34 days); age of patient (greater number in under-65s). CONCLUSIONS: E. coli is the most common germ in UTI and is highly sensitive to amoxy/clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and cefixime. Resistance to cyprofloxacine and norfloxacine are starting to be significant. In UAC the three-day model should be encouraged for young women; and 7 days is recommended for the over-65s. More rational use of medication would increase efficacy and suppose a considerable economic saving in our area.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Confidence Intervals , Cystitis/drug therapy , Cystitis/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology
4.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 29(8): 481-485, mayo 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12712

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Principal: fomentar el uso racional del medicamento en el tratamiento de cistitis agudas no complicadas (CANC).Secundarios: conocer los gérmenes más frecuentes en nuestra zona y sus sensibilidades, antimicrobianos más utilizados, edad de la paciente y evaluar el ahorro aplicando una política de uso racional del medicamento. Diseño. Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo. Emplazamiento. Centro de Salud La Solana, en colaboración con el Laboratorio de Bioquímica del Área de Talavera. Participantes. Muestreo sistemático probabilístico de historias clínicas de mujeres de entre 20-80 años con episodios de CANC desde el 01 de octubre de 1995 hasta el 1 de octubre de 2000, obteniéndose 349 episodios. Mediciones y resultados. Consta de dos partes: a) evaluación en el laboratorio de 591 urocultivos de infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU) complicadas/no complicadas entre el 1 de enero de 2000 hasta el 1 de octubre del mismo año, estudiando gérmenes implicados y sensibilidades. Se aislaron 373 positivos: Escherichia coli (78,3 por ciento) con mayor sensibilidad a amoxicilina-ácido clavulánico, fosfomicina, nitrofurantoína y cefixima; Proteus (7,2 por ciento), y estreptococo D (5,8 por ciento), y b) análisis en historias clínicas de antibióticos (los más usados, norfloxacino y ciprofloxacino); duración de tratamiento (media de 6,5 ñ 2,34 días); edad de la paciente (mayor número en menores de 65 años).Conclusiones. E. coli es el germen más frecuente en ITU, con alta sensibilidad a amoxicilina-ácido clavulánico, nitrofurantoína, fosfomicina y cefixima. El índice de resistencias a ciprofloxacino y norfloxacino comienza a ser significativo. En las CANC en la mujer joven se debe fomentar la pauta de tres días, recomendando 7 días en mayores de 65 años. Con un uso más racional del medicamento se aumentaría la eficacia y supondría un ahorro económico importante en nuestra área. (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Global Health , Health Promotion , Sex Factors , Urinary Tract Infections , Confidence Intervals , Retrospective Studies , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Bacteria , Cystitis , Diabetes Mellitus , Acute Disease , Age Factors , Escherichia coli
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