ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To ascertain interactions of caffeine ingestion, food, medications, and environmental exposures during preterm human gestation, under informed consent, we studied a cohort of Mexican women with further preterm offspring born at ≤ 34 completed weeks. At birth, blood samples were taken from mothers and umbilical cords to determine caffeine and metabolites concentrations and CYP1A2 (rs762551) and CYP2E1 (rs2031920, rs3813867) polymorphisms involved in caffeine metabolism. RESULTS: In 90 pregnant women who gave birth to 98 preterm neonates, self-informed caffeine ingestion rate was 97%, laboratory confirmed rate was 93 %. Theobromine was the predominant metabolite found. Consumption of acetaminophen correlated significantly with changes in caffeine metabolism (acetaminophen R2 = 0.637, p = 0.01) due to activation of CYP2E1 alternate pathways. The main caffeine source was cola soft drinks. CONCLUSION: Environmental exposures, especially acetaminophen ingestion during human preterm pregnancy, can modulate CYP2E1 metabolic activity.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Myelitis/drug therapy , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Myelitis/etiology , Myelitis/pathologyABSTRACT
Endocarditis due to Candida albicans (EC) is a rare cause of endocarditis in IV drug addicts (IVDA). Its diagnostic is usually difficult and high peripheral embolization is characteristic, and could affect big vessels. The case of a female patients (IVDA) 21 years old is discussed, who showed bilateral iliofemoral embolism and cerebral hemorrhage due to mycotic aneurysm breakage in a EC. These two complications appeared during an EC episode are exceptional. We insist in the importance of the echographic images in the suspicion diagnosis of EC.
Subject(s)
Aneurysm, Infected/etiology , Candidiasis/complications , Embolism/etiology , Endocarditis/etiology , Femoral Artery , Iliac Artery , Intracranial Aneurysm/etiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications , Adult , Aneurysm, Infected/diagnosis , Aneurysm, Ruptured/complications , Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnosis , Aneurysm, Ruptured/etiology , Candidiasis/diagnosis , Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology , Embolism/diagnosis , Female , HIV Seropositivity/complications , HIV-1/immunology , Humans , Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnosisABSTRACT
A 30-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis by the Epstein-Barr virus who presented severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia and type IgG acquired transitory hypogammaglobulinemia as complications during the acute period of the disease is presented. Although the etiopathogenesis of these phenomena is usually associated with an autoimmune basis, the antiplatelet and antileukocyte antibodies were negative. A bibliographic revision of the hematologic alterations of this disease was carried out and it was observed that the combination of the complications described has not been previously referred, thus, the present case may be the first observation with these characteristics.
