Lesiones placentarias en embarazos de madre adolescente en una maternidad pública de Argentina / Placental lesions during teenage pregnancy in a public maternity of Argentina

INTRODUCCIÓN: En Argentina, el 18,3% de los recién nacidos vivos son hijos de madres menores de 20 años. El embarazo adolescente está asociado a una mayor incidencia de resultados perinatales adversos. El estudio histopatológico de la placenta ayuda a especificar etiologías y a predecir la recurrencia de las patologías perinatales. OBJETIVO: Determinar el peso de la placenta y sus lesiones en madres adolescentes, y estimar el riesgo en comparación con madres adultas jóvenes. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 50 placentas de madres adolescentes (n=18 de ≤16 años y n=32 de 17-19 años) y 101 de adultas jóvenes (20 a 29 años) atendidas en el Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá de Buenos Aires. Las placentas fueron examinadas macro y microscópicamente según técnicas convencionales. RESULTADOS: No se encontraron diferencias entre los pesos placentarios de los tres grupos. La mitad de las placentas tenían una o más lesiones con un leve predominio en las de adolescentes (p=0,327). En ≤16 años las lesiones placentarias ascendieron al 77,78% (14/18; IC 95%: 54-91), mientras que entre 17 y 19 años el valor fue del 34,3% (11/32; IC 95%:20-51) (OR 2,26; IC 95%: 1,32-3,38; p=0,003) y de 41,5% para las jóvenes adultas (42/101; 95% CI: 32-51; a 1.87 (IC 95%: 1.33-2.62;p=0.004) y 0,83 (IC 95%: 0.49-1.41; p=0.469) de riesgo crudo para ambos grupos de adolescentes en comparación con las adultas. El riesgo ajustado de presentar lesiones placentarias fue cuatro veces mayor en las adolescentes de hasta 16 años que en las madres adultas (p=0,018). CONCLUSIONES: No hubo diferencias en el peso placentario, mientras que la edad de hasta 16 años se asoció independientemente con importantes lesiones placentarias

INTRODUCTION: In Argentina, 18.3% of live newborns are from mothers younger than 20 years. Adolescent pregnancy is associated with an increase of adverse perinatal outcomes. Placental histopathological examination helps identify etiologies and predict recurrence of perinatal pathologies.OBJECTIVE: To determine placental weight and lesions in adolescent mothers, and to estimate the risk compared with young adult mothers. METHODS: The study included 50 placentas from adolescent mothers (n=18 from ≤16 years and n=32 from 17-19 years) and 101 from young adult mothers between 20 and 29 years of age attending the Sardá Maternityin Buenos Aires. Placentas were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination according to conventional methods. RESULTS: No differences were found between the placental weights of the three groups. In half of examined placentae one or more lesions were present, with a slight prevalence in adolescents (p=0.327). In ≤16 years placental lesions represented 77.78 %(14/18; 95% CI: 54-91), while the value was 34.3% for 17-19 years (11/32; 95% CI: 20-51) (OR 2.26; 95% CI: 1.32-3.38;p=0.003) and 41.5% for young adults (42/101; 95% CI: 32-51; a 1.87 (IC 95%: 1.33-2.62; p=0.004) and 0.83 (IC 95%:0.49-1.41; p=0.469) crude risks of both adolescents’ groups compared with adults, respectively. Adjusted risk for placental lesions was four times higher in adolescents up to 16 years of age than in adult mothers (p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS: No differences were found in placental weights, while adolescents up to 16 years of age have a higher risk of placental lesions

Lesiones placentarias en embarazos de madre adolescente en una maternidad pública de Argentina / Placental lesions during teenage pregnancy in a public maternity of Argentina

INTRODUCCION: En Argentina, el 18,3% de los recién nacidos vivos son hijos de madres menores de 20 años. El embarazo adolescente está asociado a una mayor incidencia de resultados perinatales adversos. El estudio histopatológico de la placenta ayuda a especificar etiologías y a predecir la recurrencia de las patologías perinatales. OBJETIVO: Determinar el peso de la placenta y sus lesiones en madres adolescentes, y estimar el riesgo en comparación con madres adultas jóvenes. METODOS: Se estudiaron 50 placentas de madres adolescentes (n=18 de ≤16 años y n=32 de 17-19 años) y 101 de adultas jóvenes (20 a 29 años) atendidas en el Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá de Buenos Aires. Las placentas fueron examinadas macro y microscópicamente según técnicas convencionales. RESULTADOS: No se encontraron diferencias entre los pesos placentarios de los tres grupos. La mitad de las placentas tenían una o más lesiones con un leve predominio en las de adolescentes (p=0,327). En ≤16 años las lesiones placentarias ascendieron al 77,78% (14/18; IC 95%: 54-91), mientras que entre 17 y 19 años el valor fue del 34,3% (11/32; IC 95%:20-51) (OR 2,26; IC 95%: 1,32-3,38; p=0,003) y de 41,5% para las jóvenes adultas (42/101; 95% CI: 32-51; a 1.87 (IC 95%: 1.33-2.62;p=0.004) y 0,83 (IC 95%: 0.49-1.41; p=0.469) de riesgo crudo para ambos grupos de adolescentes en comparación con las adultas. El riesgo ajustado de presentar lesiones placentarias fue cuatro veces mayor en las adolescentes de hasta 16 años que en las madres adultas (p=0,018). CONCLUSIONES: No hubo diferencias en el peso placentario, mientras que la edad de hasta 16 años se asoció independientemente con importantes lesiones placentarias (AU)

INTRODUCTION: In Argentina, 18.3% of live newborns are from mothers younger than 20 years. Adolescent pregnancy is associated with an increase of adverse perinatal outcomes. Placental histopathological examination helps identify etiologies and predict recurrence of perinatal pathologies.OBJECTIVE: To determine placental weight and lesions in adolescent mothers, and to estimate the risk compared with young adult mothers. METHODS: The study included 50 placentas from adolescent mothers (n=18 from ≤16 years and n=32 from 17-19 years) and 101 from young adult mothers between 20 and 29 years of age attending the Sardá Maternityin Buenos Aires. Placentas were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination according to conventional methods. RESULTS: No differences were found between the placental weights of the three groups. In half of examined placentae one or more lesions were present, with a slight prevalence in adolescents (p=0.327). In ≤16 years placental lesions represented 77.78 %(14/18; 95% CI: 54-91), while the value was 34.3% for 17-19 years (11/32; 95% CI: 20-51) (OR 2.26; 95% CI: 1.32-3.38;p=0.003) and 41.5% for young adults (42/101; 95% CI: 32-51; a 1.87 (IC 95%: 1.33-2.62; p=0.004) and 0.83 (IC 95%:0.49-1.41; p=0.469) crude risks of both adolescentsÆ groups compared with adults, respectively. Adjusted risk for placental lesions was four times higher in adolescents up to 16 years of age than in adult mothers (p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS: No differences were found in placental weights, while adolescents up to 16 years of age have a higher risk of placental lesions (AU)

[Placental lesions in teenager`s pregnancies of a public hospital of Argentina]. / Lesiones placentarias en embarazos de madres adolescentes en una maternidad publica en Argentina.

INTRODUCTION: In Argentina, 18.3% of all births are related to adolescent mothers. Adolescent pregnancy has been associated with an increase of adverse perinatal outcomes. Placental examination helps to identify etiology and predict recurrence of perinatal pathologies. The aim of this study was to describe placental weight and placental lesions and to estimate the risks of adolescent pregnancies compared with young adults mothers. METHODS: We examined 50 placentas from adolescent mothers (greater than 16 yrs, n = 18 and 17-19 yrs, n = 32) and 101 placentas from adults mothers between 20 and 29 years old attending the Sarda' Maternity Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Conventional methods were used for macroscopic and histological examination. RESULTS: No differences were found in placental weights. In half of examined placenta one or more lesions were present, predominantly in adolescents (p = 0.327). In greater than 16 ys placental lesions represented 77.78 % (14/18, 95% CI 54 - 91), in older teenagers 34.3% (11/32, 95% CI 20 - 51) (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.32 - 3.38, p = 0.003), whereas in young adults figure was 41.5% (42/101, [95% CI 32 - 51]), a 1.87 (IC 95% 1.33 - 2.62, p = 0.004) and 0.83 (IC 95% 0.49 - 1.41, p = 0.469) crude risks of both adolescents' groups compared with adults, respectively. Adjusted risk for placental lesions was four folds higher in adolescent at or below 16 years (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: No differences were found in placental weights Younger teenagers (≤ 16 year age) have an increased risk for having placental lesions.