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1.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 40(supl.1): e878, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1289478

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La anemia drepanocítica es una anomalía genética hereditaria de la hemoglobina, que se caracteriza por la presencia de glóbulos rojos que pierden su forma redonda característica y adquieren forma de hoz. Aunque aún no tiene cura definitiva, se desarrollan varias acciones con el propósito de mejorar la calidad de vida y la atención médica a los pacientes. Objetivos: Conocer los aspectos referidos al análisis automatizado de formas en eritrocitos en los últimos años y proporcionar una visión en el caso de la drepanocitosis, que permita determinar las limitaciones actuales, principalmente para el empleo de herramientas automatizadas en el seguimiento clínico de pacientes con esta enfermedad. Método: Se realizó la revisión sistemática de la literatura de los años 2018, 2019 y dos aportes del 2020, en tres bases de datos electrónicas de amplio alcance: IEEEXplore, Google Scholar y SCOPUS. Los documentos se analizaron teniendo en cuenta preguntas específicas para obtener criterios generales sobre la situación de interés. Conclusiones: Los análisis realizados revelan un volumen creciente de investigaciones en este campo, con resultados de varios países. El examen detallado de las investigaciones permitió identificar problemas referidos a las métricas de evaluación empleadas, a los algoritmos para el análisis y procesamiento de imágenes, empleo del criterio médico, bases de datos empleadas y, herramientas para el análisis automático de formas de eritrocitos(AU)


Introduction: Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic hereditary anomaly of hemoglobin characterized by red blood cells that lose their normal round morphology and acquire a sickle shape. Although no cure is so far available, several actions are in progress to improve the quality of life and medical care of patients. Objective: Become acquainted with aspects related to the automated morphological analysis of erythrocytes in recent years, particularly in the context of sickle-cell anemia, allowing to determine the current limitations, mainly in the use of automated tools for the clinical follow-up of sickle-cell anemia patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted of the literature published in the years 2018, 2019, and two contributions from 2020, in three broad scope electronic databases: IEEEXplore, Google Scholar and SCOPUS. The documents were analyzed on the basis of specific questions to obtain general criteria about the situation of interest. Conclusions: The analysis conducted revealed a growing volume of research in this field, with results in several countries. Detailed examination of the studies led to identification of problems related to the evaluation metrics used, the algorithms for the analysis and processing of images, the use of medical criteria, the databases used and tools for the automated morphological analysis of erythrocytes(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sickle Cell Trait/genetics , Algorithms , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Genetics , Anemia
2.
Med Biol Eng Comput ; 58(6): 1265-1284, 2020 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32222951

ABSTRACT

Red blood cell (RBC) deformation is the consequence of several diseases, including sickle cell anemia, which causes recurring episodes of pain and severe pronounced anemia. Monitoring patients with these diseases involves the observation of peripheral blood samples under a microscope, a time-consuming procedure. Moreover, a specialist is required to perform this technique, and owing to the subjective nature of the observation of isolated RBCs, the error rate is high. In this paper, we propose an automated method for differentially enumerating RBCs that uses peripheral blood smear image analysis. In this method, the objects of interest in the image are segmented using a Chan-Vese active contour model. An analysis is then performed to classify the RBCs, also called erythrocytes, as normal or elongated or having other deformations, using the basic shape analysis descriptors: circular shape factor (CSF) and elliptical shape factor (ESF). To analyze cells that become partially occluded in a cluster during sample preparation, an elliptical adjustment is performed to allow the analysis of erythrocytes with discoidal and elongated shapes. The images of patient blood samples used in the study were acquired by a clinical laboratory specialist in the Special Hematology Department of the "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas" General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba. A comparison of the results obtained by the proposed method in our experiments with those obtained by some state-of-the-art methods showed that the proposed method is superior for the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. This superiority is achieved for evidenced by the obtained F-measure value (0.97 for normal cells and 0.95 for elongated ones) and several overall multiclass performance measures. The results achieved by the proposed method are suitable for the purpose of clinical treatment and diagnostic support of sickle cell anemia. We present a new method to obtain erythrocyte shape classification using peripheral blood smear sample images. The aim of the method is to segment the cells, to separate clusters and classify cells (circulars, elongated and others). We compared our method with state-of the-art. Results showed that our method with is superior for the diagnosis support of sickle cell anemia.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods , Erythrocytes/pathology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Algorithms , Anemia, Sickle Cell/diagnosis , Databases, Factual , Erythrocyte Count , Erythrocytes/cytology , Humans , Sensitivity and Specificity
3.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 11(2)jul.-dic. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093331

ABSTRACT

Con el propósito de implementar un sistema que permita a los familiares y pacientes de cualquier consulta médica en Cuba, acceder a información confiable, portable y además actualizable sin necesidad de conexiones a Internet se implementó un sistema que consta de dos herramientas: Athrim 1.0, aplicación orientada a dispositivos móviles con sistema operativo Android en versiones superior a 4.0. Esta aplicación permite a sus usuarios visualizar y consultar información, a través de la integración de recursos multimedia tales como imágenes, textos, videos y cuestionarios, lo que contribuye en nuestro caso al aprendizaje de diversas temáticas de interés médico. La otra herramienta que va a complementar la primera es la aplicación de escritorio MobileDataCreator que permite crear los contenidos que van a ser visualizados en la aplicación Athrim 1.0. La aplicación móvil ha sido utilizada con el tema de las alergias por especialistas en alergología del Hospital Provincial Docente Saturnino Lora Torres y sus pacientes, siendo eficaz para el acceso a la información y aprendizaje de esta temática(AU)


In order to implement a system that allows family members and patients in Cuba, access to reliable, portable and also upgradeable information without the need for Internet connections, a system consisting of two tools has been implemented: Athrim 1.0, application oriented to mobile devices with Android operating system with version superior to 4.0. This application allows users to view and consult information through the integration of multimedia resources such as images, texts, videos and questionnaires, which contributes in our case to the learning of medical topics of interest. The other tool that will complement the first is the desktop application MobileDataCreator that allows to create the contents to be visualized in the application Athrim 1.0. The mobile application has been used with the theme of allergies by specialists in allergology of the Provincial Hospital Saturnino Lora Torres and their patients, being effective for access to information and learning of this subject(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Medical Informatics Applications , Mobile Applications , Smartphone , Cuba
4.
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc ; 2019: 4068-4071, 2019 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31946765

ABSTRACT

Specialists may gauge the severity of sickle cell disease crisis by quantifying the number of abnormal-looking and sickle-shaped erythrocytes in blood smears. State-of-the-art integral geometry-based descriptors for automatic classification of erythrocytes as normal cells, sickle cells or cells with other deformations have achieved excellent results. Unfortunately, they are computationally expensive, requiring powerful desktop computers and a great deal of memory to run. We propose two new integral geometry-based descriptors for the shape of erythrocytes. Like state-of-the-art techniques, the overall sensitivity of our solutions is above 94%. Nevertheless, our descriptors are designed to avoid a great amount of computation in comparison to similar solutions and to present a lower memory footprint. Our descriptors offer a high specificity of normal cells and a high sensitivity of deformed cells, making them a good alternative in clinical applications.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/diagnosis , Computational Biology , Erythrocytes/cytology , Pattern Recognition, Automated , Erythrocytes/classification , Humans , Sensitivity and Specificity
5.
Medisan ; 22(2)feb. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-70199

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal desde julio hasta octubre de 2017, por especialistas de la Universidad de Oriente y de la Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brasil, para analizar desde el punto de vista morfológico células endoteliales de venas del cordón umbilical humano, presentes en imágenes digitales de cultivos in vitro 2D, tratadas con la β2GPI. Se propuso la clasificación supervisada celular considerando 3 clases: circulares, deformadas alargadas y deformadas poco alargadas, según los coeficientes de formas elíptico y circular, todo lo cual permitió identificar formas celulares relevantes. Para comparar los resultados de las muestras de control y las tratadas, se calcularon los intervalos de confianza para cada una de las clases, con un nivel de confianza de 95 por ciento. Se concluye que el análisis de las alteraciones morfológicas in vitro puede ser utilizada en cultivos 2D precoces (de 24 y 48 horas) para la cuantificación de la angiogénesis(AU)


A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out from July to October, 2017, by specialists of the Oriente University and the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, to analyze from the morphological point of view endothelial cells of the human umbilical cord veins, which were present in digital images of 2D in vitro cultures, treated with the β2GPI. The cellular supervised classification was proposed considering 3 classes: circular, distorted elongated and distorted not very elongated, according to the coefficients of elliptic and circular shapes, all that allowed to identify outstanding cellular forms. To compare the results of the control and treated samples, the intervals of confidence were calculated for each of the classes, with a 95 percent level of confidence. It was concluded that the analysis of the morphological disorders in vitro can be used in early 2D cultures (24 and 48 hours) for the quantification of the angiogenesis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Cell Biology , Morphological and Microscopic Findings , Cell Nucleus Shape , Endothelial Cells , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies
6.
Medisan ; 22(2)feb. 2018. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-894676

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal desde julio hasta octubre de 2017, por especialistas de la Universidad de Oriente y de la Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brasil, para analizar desde el punto de vista morfológico células endoteliales de venas del cordón umbilical humano, presentes en imágenes digitales de cultivos in vitro 2D, tratadas con la ß2GPI. . Se propuso la clasificación supervisada celular considerando 3 clases: circulares, deformadas alargadas y deformadas poco alargadas, según los coeficientes de formas elíptico y circular, todo lo cual permitió identificar formas celulares relevantes. Para comparar los resultados de las muestras de control y las tratadas, se calcularon los intervalos de confianza para cada una de las clases, con un nivel de confianza de 95 por ciento. Se concluye que el análisis de las alteraciones morfológicas in vitro puede ser utilizada en cultivos 2D precoces (de 24 y 48 horas) para la cuantificación de la angiogénesis


A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out from July to October, 2017, by specialists of the Oriente University and the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, to analyze from the morphological point of view endothelial cells of the human umbilical cord veins, which were present in digital images of 2D in vitro cultures, treated with the ß2GPI. The cellular supervised classification was proposed considering 3 classes: circular, distorted elongated and distorted not very elongated, according to the coefficients of elliptic and circular shapes, all that allowed to identify outstanding cellular forms. To compare the results of the control and treated samples, the intervals of confidence were calculated for each of the classes, with a 95 percent level of confidence. It was concluded that the analysis of the morphological disorders in vitro can be used in early 2D cultures (24 and 48 hours) for the quantification of the angiogenesis


Subject(s)
Humans , Umbilical Cord/ultrastructure , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Endothelial Cells/ultrastructure , Morphological and Microscopic Findings , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cell Biology
7.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 8(1)ene.-jun. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-785010

ABSTRACT

El procesamiento de imágenes digitales y la visión por computador son ampliamente utilizados en medicina actualmente y son de gran interés las propuestas de nuevos métodos de análisis automatizado de imágenes digitales o mejorar la eficiencia de los existentes. En este trabajo se desarrollaron métodos nuevos para estudiar computacionalmente a través de imágenes de muestras de sangre la drepanocitosis, dolencia con alta incidencia mundial y en Cuba, sobre todo en la región oriental. Se propusieron nuevos métodos de análisis de formas, obtenidos a partir de resultados clásicos de geometría integral y nuevas propuestas de visión por computador para evaluar trastornos neurofisiológicos asociados a través del estudio de las expresiones faciales del paciente. La validación estadística realizada comprobó la superioridad de estos métodos sobre otros, se determinó que son válidos para ser introducidos en software de apoyo para mejorar la calidad de la atención médica(AU)


Digital image processing and computer vision are frequently used in medicine at present and the proposals of new methods of automatic analysis of digital images or the efficiency improvement of the existing are of great interest. In this work new methods to computationally study sickle cell disease through blood samples images are developed, an illness with high incidence in the world and in Cuba, mainly in the eastern region. New shape analysis methods obtained from classical results of integral geometry and new computer vision proposals for evaluate neuro physiological disorders associated with this illness through the study of the facial expressions of the patient were proposed. The statistical validation realized confirmed the superiority of these methods on previous proposals, which is why they are valid to be introduced in support software to improve the quality of the medical attention(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Health Care , Facies , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Anemia, Sickle Cell , Software Design , Cuba
8.
Revista cuba inf méd ; 8(1)ene.-jun. 2016.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-65645

ABSTRACT

El procesamiento de imágenes digitales y la visión por computador son ampliamente utilizados en medicina actualmente y son de gran interés las propuestas de nuevos métodos de análisis automatizado de imágenes digitales o mejorar la eficiencia de los existentes. En este trabajo se desarrollaron métodos nuevos para estudiar computacionalmente a través de imágenes de muestras de sangre la drepanocitosis, dolencia con alta incidencia mundial y en Cuba, sobre todo en la región oriental. Se propusieron nuevos métodos de análisis de formas, obtenidos a partir de resultados clásicos de geometría integral y nuevas propuestas de visión por computador para evaluar trastornos neurofisiológicos asociados a través del estudio de las expresiones faciales del paciente. La validación estadística realizada comprobó la superioridad de estos métodos sobre otros, se determinó que son válidos para ser introducidos en software de apoyo para mejorar la calidad de la atención médica(AU)


Digital image processing and computer vision are frequently used in medicine at present and the proposals of new methods of automatic analysis of digital images or the efficiency improvement of the existing are of great interest. In this work new methods to computationally study sickle cell disease through blood samples images are developed, an illness with high incidence in the world and in Cuba, mainly in the eastern region. New shape analysis methods obtained from classical results of integral geometry and new computer vision proposals for evaluate neuro physiological disorders associated with this illness through the study of the facial expressions of the patient were proposed. The statistical validation realized confirmed the superiority of these methods on previous proposals, which is why they are valid to be introduced in support software to improve the quality of the medical attention(AU)


Subject(s)
Facial Expression , Sickle Cell Trait/diagnosis , Software/standards
9.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 8(supl.1)2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-844909

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio del desempeño de los modelos ocultos de Márkov (HMM) en la clasificación morfológica supervisada de eritrocitos en muestras de sangre periférica de pacientes con anemia drepanocítica. Los contornos se representan de forma novedosa considerando las diferencias angulares en la curvatura de los puntos del mismo. El entrenamiento de cada modelo se realiza tanto con la descripción normal de los contornos como con la representación de la rotación de los mismos, para garantizar una mayor estabilidad en los parámetros estimados. Se desarrolla un proceso de validación cruzada de 5x1 para estimación del error. Se obtienen las medidas de sensibilidad, precisión y especificidad de la clasificación. Los mejores resultados en cuanto a sensibilidad se obtienen al clasificar eritrocitos pertenecientes a dos clases: normales (96 por ciento) y elongados (99 por ciento). Al considerar además una clase de eritrocitos con otras deformaciones los mejores resultados se obtienen realizando el entrenamiento de los modelos con la rotación de todos los contornos, que alcanzó sensibilidades de normales (94 por ciento), elongados (82 por ciento) y con otras deformaciones (76 por ciento)(AU)


A study of the performance of Hidden Markov Models (HMM) in morphologic supervised classification of erythrocytes in peripheral blood smears of patients with sickle cell disease is realized. Contours are represented in original way considering the angular differences in the curvature of the points of the same. The training of every model comes true with the normal description of the contours and with the representation of the rotation of the same, in order to guarantee a bigger stability in the esteemed parameters. A process of validation crossed of 5x1 for estimate of the error is developed. The measures of sensibility, precision and specificity of classification are obtained. The best results obtain when classifying erythrocytes in two classes, with sensibility values in normal of 96 percent and elongated 99 percent. In the classification of erythrocytes considering the class of other deformations better results obtain accomplishing the training of the models with the rotation of all the contours, that it attained sensibilities of normal (94 percent), elongated (82 percent) and with other deformations (76 percent)(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Polycythemia/classification , Medical Informatics Applications , Software Design , Markov Chains , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Hematologic Diseases/blood
10.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 8(supl.1)2016. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-67229

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio del desempeño de los modelos ocultos de Márkov (HMM) en la clasificación morfológica supervisada de eritrocitos en muestras de sangre periférica de pacientes con anemia drepanocítica. Los contornos se representan de forma novedosa considerando las diferencias angulares en la curvatura de los puntos del mismo. El entrenamiento de cada modelo se realiza tanto con la descripción normal de los contornos como con la representación de la rotación de los mismos, para garantizar una mayor estabilidad en los parámetros estimados. Se desarrolla un proceso de validación cruzada de 5x1 para estimación del error. Se obtienen las medidas de sensibilidad, precisión y especificidad de la clasificación. Los mejores resultados en cuanto a sensibilidad se obtienen al clasificar eritrocitos pertenecientes a dos clases: normales (96 por ciento) y elongados (99 por ciento). Al considerar además una clase de eritrocitos con otras deformaciones los mejores resultados se obtienen realizando el entrenamiento de los modelos con la rotación de todos los contornos, que alcanzó sensibilidades de normales (94 por ciento), elongados (82 por ciento) y con otras deformaciones (76 por ciento)(AU)


A study of the performance of Hidden Markov Models (HMM) in morphologic supervised classification of erythrocytes in peripheral blood smears of patients with sickle cell disease is realized. Contours are represented in original way considering the angular differences in the curvature of the points of the same. The training of every model comes true with the normal description of the contours and with the representation of the rotation of the same, in order to guarantee a bigger stability in the esteemed parameters. A process of validation crossed of 5x1 for estimate of the error is developed. The measures of sensibility, precision and specificity of classification are obtained. The best results obtain when classifying erythrocytes in two classes, with sensibility values in normal of 96 percent and elongated 99 percent. In the classification of erythrocytes considering the class of other deformations better results obtain accomplishing the training of the models with the rotation of all the contours, that it attained sensibilities of normal (94 percent), elongated (82 percent) and with other deformations (76 percent)(AU)


Subject(s)
Markov Chains , Sickle Cell Trait/blood , Erythrocytes
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