ABSTRACT
For this research, three different adsorbents, one untreated and two chemically activated, were prepared from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit waste. By the construction of adsorption isotherms, its adsorption capabilities and the viability of its use in the removal of textile basic and direct type dyes were determined. It was found that the adsorbent with the most adsorption capacity for basic dyes was the one activated with NaClO, and, for direct dyes, it was the one activated with NaOH. Langmuir and Freundlich equations isotherms were applied for the analysis of the experimental data. It was found that the Freundlich model best described the adsorption behavior. The adsorption capacity was improved when the pH of the dye solution had an acid value. The specific surface area of the adsorbents was calculated by means of methylene blue adsorption at 298 K to stay within a range between 348 and 643 m(2) g(-1). The FTIR spectroscopic characterization technique, the SEM, the point of zero charge, and the elemental analysis show the chemical and physical characteristics of the studied adsorbents, which confirm the adsorption results obtained.
Subject(s)
Coloring Agents/chemistry , Opuntia/chemistry , Water Purification/methods , Adsorption , Fruit/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Methylene Blue/chemistry , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Surface Properties , Textile IndustryABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dysphonia/complications , Mediastinal Emphysema/complications , Mediastinal Emphysema/surgery , Fundoplication/adverse effects , Fundoplication/methods , Anesthesia, General/methods , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Intubation, Intratracheal , Metoclopramide/therapeutic use , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Mediastinal Emphysema/physiopathology , Mediastinal Emphysema , Fundoplication/trends , Laparoscopy/methods , Laparoscopy/trends , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Respiration, Artificial , Chest PainSubject(s)
Carbon Dioxide/adverse effects , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Dysphonia/etiology , Fundoplication , Laparoscopy , Mediastinal Emphysema/etiology , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Aged , Antiemetics/therapeutic use , Carbon Dioxide/administration & dosage , Carbon Dioxide/pharmacokinetics , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Diagnostic Errors , Diffusion , Glottis/injuries , Humans , Insufflation , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Male , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting/etiology , Subcutaneous Emphysema/etiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To assess the utility of preoperative chest radiographic findings for predicting cardiopulmonary complications in smokers undergoing transurethral resection of urinary bladder tumors under spinal anesthesia. To analyze perioperative changes in attitude in this setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study of 309 smokers with > or = 20 pack-years of cumulative smoking who were candidates for transurethral resection of urinary bladder tumors. The patients were classified in 2 groups according to radiographic findings. Between groups we compared the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications, perioperative changes in attitude to anesthesia and surgery, delays in completing the preanesthesia workup, and differences in the duration of surgery and hospital stay. RESULTS: Patients older than 65 years were 1.92 times more likely to have significant findings on the chest radiograph. Radiographic findings were associated with a higher incidence of perioperative complications (P=.02), need for further preoperative consultations (P<.01), longer delay in completing the preanesthesia study (P<.01), longer mean (SD) hospital stay (3.43 [3.17] days vs 2.50 [1.77] days, P<.001), and longer duration of surgery (P<.001). Attitudes did not change in relation to radiographic findings during or after surgery. Chest radiography correctly classified 3.54% of the patients with complications (predictive value). CONCLUSIONS: The predictive value of chest radiography for cardiopulmonary complications is low and findings do not influence intra- or postoperative attitudes. We therefore find no justification for performing chest x-rays in the population studied.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cystectomy/methods , Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Preoperative Care , Radiography, Thoracic , Smoking , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Age Factors , Aged , Anesthesia/adverse effects , Anesthesia/methods , Anesthesia, Spinal , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Female , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/prevention & control , Lung Diseases/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Care Planning , Smoking/adverse effects , Subarachnoid Space , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de la radiografía de tórax preoperatoria como predictor de complicaciones cardiorrespiratorias y de cambios de actitud perioperatoria en pacientes con historia de tabaquismo intervenidos mediante resección transuretral de cáncer vesical con anestesia subaracnoidea. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de 309 pacientes con consumo acumulado de tabaco de al menos 20 paquetes-año candidatos a resección transuretral de tumor vesical, clasificados en dos grupos en función de la presencia de hallazgos significativos en la radiografía. Se estudió la incidencia de complicaciones cardiorrespiratorias, cambios de actitud anestésico-quirúrgica perioperatoria y demoras en la finalización del estudio preanestésico en ambos grupos, así como las diferencias en la duración de intervención y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria. Resultados: Los pacientes mayores de 65 años mostraron 1,92 veces más probabilidad de presentar hallazgos radiológicos significativos. Éstos se asociaron a mayor incidencia de complicaciones perioperatorias (p = 0,02), más solicitud de interconsultas preoperatorias (p < 0,01), y más demoras en la finalización del estudio preanestésico (p < 0,01); así como a mayor estancia hospitalaria (3,43 ± 3,17 frente a 2,50 ± 1,77 días; p < 0,001) y más duración de la cirugía (p < 0,001). No se produjo ningún cambio de actitud intra ni postoperatoria debido a hallazgos radiológicos. El valor predictivo de la radiografía preoperatoria para complicaciones perioperatorias fue de 3,54%. Conclusiones: La radiografía de tórax carece de un adecuado valor predictivo para complicaciones cardiorrespiratorias y no influye sobre la actitud intra o postoperatoria, por lo que no encontramos justificado su empleo en la población estudiada(AU)
Objectives: To assess the utility of preoperative chest radiographic findings for predicting cardiopulmonary complications in smokers undergoing transurethral resection of urinary bladder tumors under spinal anesthesia. To analyze perioperative changes in attitude in this setting. Material and methods: Prospective study of 309 smokers with >= 20 pack-years of cumulative smoking who were candidates for transurethral resection of urinary bladder tumors. The patients were classified in 2 groups according to radiographic findings. Between groups we compared the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications, perioperative changes in attitude to anesthesia and surgery, delays in completing the preanesthesia workup, and differences in the duration of surgery and hospital stay. Results: Patients older than 65 years were 1.92 times more likely to have significant findings on the chest radiograph. Radiographic findings were associated with a higher incidence of perioperative complications (P=.02), need for further preoperative consultations (P<.01), longer delay in completing the preanesthesia study (P<.01), longer mean (SD) hospital stay (3.43 [3.17] days vs 2.50 [1.77] days, P<.001), and longer duration of surgery (P<.001). Attitudes did not change in relation to radiographic findings during or after surgery. Chest radiography correctly classified 3.54% of the patients with complications (predictive value). Conclusions: The predictive value of chest radiography for cardiopulmonary complications is low and findings do not influence intra- or postoperative attitudes. We therefore find no justification for performing chest x-rays in the population studied(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Preoperative Care/methods , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/complications , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Tobacco Use Disorder/complications , Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy , Anesthesia, Conduction/methods , Anesthesia, Conduction , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Smoking/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Radiography, Thoracic , Anesthesia, Conduction/statistics & numerical data , Anesthesia, Conduction/trends , Cohort Studies , 28599 , Odds RatioSubject(s)
Anesthesia/psychology , Patients/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Anesthesiology , Fear , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Satisfaction , Physician-Patient Relations , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The authors describe a case of myocardiopathy, during the third trimester of pregnancy, in a patient without any significant previous cardiac history nor associated obstetrical pathology. The clinical course was uneventful without sequelae. The clinical importance of peri-partum myocardiopathy, especially regarding myocardial sequelae, imposes a differential diagnosis and an analysis of the current state of this pathological process.
