ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Se llevo a cabo un estudio en niños que consultaban por infección respiratoria aguda al Hospital Militar (Hosmil) de Bogota, Colombia, con el objetivo de estimar la frecuencia de enfermedad respiratoria aguda en esa institución producida por algunos virus respiratorios. Métodos: Durante 18 meses, de Marzo de 2000 a Septiembre de 2001, se seleccionaron semanalmente tres a cinco niños con infección respiratoria de aquellos que consultaban al servicio de emergencia o de consulta ambulatoria del Hospital. De cada uno de ellos se obtuvo muestras nasofaringeas que fueron examinadas por inmunofluorescencia para virus sincitial respiratorio (VSR), influenza, adenovirus y parainfluenza. Resultados: Se estudiaron 139 niños de los cuales el 40 por ciento fue positivo para alguno de los virus estudiados. El agente viral mas frecuentemente encontrado fue el VSR (27 por ciento), seguido por el virus de la influenza (5 por ciento) y adenovirus (3 por ciento). La circulación de VSR coincidía con los picos de hospitalizaciones por IRA y por neumonía y del hospital, era mas frecuente en los niños menores de 3 años y se encontraba presente durante todo el año. Conclusiones: Los virus respiratorios causan gran parte de la enfermedad respiratoria moderada o severa en el Hosmil y el VSR es el agente más importante entre ellos.
Objective: A study was carried out on children seeking medical care at the Hospital Militar (Hosmil) in Bogota due to acute respiratory infection; it was aimed at estimating the frequency of respiratory virus-associated acute respiratory disease (ARD) in children aged under 10. Methods: Three to five children aged less than 10 years old were selected every week from the hospital's emergency ward or ambulatory services over an 18-month period from March 2000 to September 2001. Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained from them and processed using indirect immunofluorescence. The relative frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, adenovirus and parainfluenza were calculated. Results: Around 40 percent of the 139 children examined proved positive for at least one respiratory virus. RSV was the most frequently found virus (27 percent positivity: 38 patients) followed by influenza (5 percent: 7 patients) and adenovirus (3 percent: 4 patients). RSV circulation peaks coincided with peaks related to ARD and pneumonia in the hospital: it was found most frequently in children aged less than 3 and was present throughout the year. Conclusion: Respiratory viruses were an important cause of moderate to severe respiratory illness in children seeking health care at Hosmil; RSV was the leading agent amongst such viruses.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/virology , Acute Disease , Adenoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Adenoviridae Infections/virology , Adenoviridae/isolation & purification , Catchment Area, Health , Colombia/epidemiology , Hospitals, Military/statistics & numerical data , Paramyxoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Paramyxoviridae Infections/virology , Referral and Consultation , Respiratory Syncytial Viruses/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The Colombian National Institute of Health has been studying the epidemiology of several respiratory viruses since 1997 to identify their circulation patterns and the role they play as pathogenic agents of acute and/or moderate respiratory infection (RI) in children aged less than 5. METHODS: The study used sentinel surveillance methods in sentinel hospitals in Bogotá and Manizales. Four to eight nasopharyngeal samples were collected every week in the sentinel hospitals from children aged less than five consulting for low or high RI. Nasopharyngeal samples were processed by indirect immunofluorescence. RESULTS: 1,743 children were examined from January 1997 to December 2003; 35 % were found to be positive for respiratory viruses. Respiratory syncytial virus was found more frequently while adenovirus was found in 47 patients (2,6 % of the sample; 1,4-2,5 % 95 %CI). Adenovirus was detected throughout the year (excepting January) but peaks occurred in March, July, October and December. Most patients were hospitalised (50-87%) and were in need of oxygen support. Fatality:case ratio was 7%; B7, 2, C1, and B3 serotypes were identified. CONCLUSION: The data suggested that respiratory infection due to adenovirus was a low frequency event amongst the children seeking medical care at the sentinel hospitals. However, when respiratory disease was caused by adenovirus, it was severe.
Subject(s)
Adenoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Colombia/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Objetivo: Desde 1997 el Instituto Nacional de Salud vigila la ocurrencia de algunos virus respiratorios con el fin de identificar sus patrones de circulación y el papel que tienen en la ocurrencia de enfermedad respiratoria moderada o severa, en niños menores de 5 años. Métodos: La vigilancia está basada en hospitales centinela de Bogotá y Manizales en los que todas las semanas se recolectan 4 a 8 muestras nasofaríngeas, de niños menores de cinco años que consultan por enfermedad respiratoria alta o baja. Las muestras son procesadas por inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Resultados: De Enero de 1997 a Diciembre de 2003 se examinaron 1 743 pacientes y se encontraron virus respiratorios en 35 por ciento de las muestras procesadas. El adenovirus se encontró en 47 casos (2,6 por ciento, IC95 por ciento 1,4-3,5 por ciento) y fue detectado durante todos los meses, excepto enero, con picos en marzo, julio, octubre y diciembre. La mayoría de los pacientes requirieron hospitalización (50 a 87 por ciento) y soporte con oxigeno y la razón muerte/caso fue de 7 por ciento. Los serotipos de adenovirus encontrados fueron B7, 2, C1 y B3. Conclusiones: Los datos del presente estudio datos sugieren que en nuestro medio los adenovirus no son los agentes mas frecuentes de enfermedad respiratoria pero, cuando están presentes, producen enfermedad severa.
Objective: The Colombian National Institute of Health has been studying the epidemiology of several respiratory viruses since 1997 to identify their circulation patterns and the role they play as pathogenic agents of acute and/or moderate respiratory infection (RI) in children aged less than 5. Methods: The study used sentinel surveillance methods in sentinel hospitals in Bogotá and Manizales. Four to eight nasopharyngeal samples were collected every week in the sentinel hospitals from children aged less than five consulting for low or high RI. Nasopharyngeal samples were processed by indirect immunofluorescence. Results: 1 743 children were examined from January 1997 to December 2003; 35 percent were found to be positive for respiratory viruses. Respiratory syncytial virus was found more frequently while adenovirus was found in 47 patients (2,6 percent of the sample; 1,4-2,5 percent 95 percentCI). Adenovirus was detected throughout the year (excepting January) but peaks occurred in March, July, October and December. Most patients were hospitalised (50-87 percent) and were in need of oxygen support. Fatality:case ratio was 7 percent; B7, 2, C1, and B3 serotypes were identified. Conclusion: The data suggested that respiratory infection due to adenovirus was a low frequency event amongst the children seeking medical care at the sentinel hospitals. However, when respiratory disease was caused by adenovirus, it was severe.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Adenoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Colombia/epidemiology , Incidence , PrevalenceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: A study was carried out on children seeking medical care at the Hospital Militar (Hosmil) in Bogota due to acute respiratory infection; it was aimed at estimating the frequency of respiratory virus-associated acute respiratory disease (ARD) in children aged under 10. METHODS: Three to five children aged less than 10 years old were selected every week from the hospital's emergency ward or ambulatory services over an 18-month period from March 2000 to September 2001. Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained from them and processed using indirect immunofluorescence. The relative frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, adenovirus and parainfluenza were calculated. RESULTS: Around 40% of the 139 children examined proved positive for at least one respiratory virus. RSV was the most frequently found virus (27% positivity: 38 patients) followed by influenza (5%: 7 patients) and adenovirus (3%: 4 patients). RSV circulation peaks coincided with peaks related to ARD and pneumonia in the hospital: it was found most frequently in children aged less than 3 and was present throughout the year. CONCLUSION: Respiratory viruses were an important cause of moderate to severe respiratory illness in children seeking health care at Hosmil; RSV was the leading agent amongst such viruses.