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1.
J Aging Soc Policy ; 35(4): 486-508, 2023 Jul 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37011133

ABSTRACT

Walking provides numerous benefits to older persons, but its practice is hindered by social factors and the built environment. This article aims to understand the factors that encourage or discourage older people's walking behaviors, as well as the policies influencing those factors in Chile. It does so by reporting the analysis of twenty-five semi-structured interviews with Chilean policymakers and local leaders. The experts consistently represented walking as a beneficial activity for older persons that, nonetheless, occurs in adverse built environments. They asserted that the absence of older people in the public discussion and a top-down policy-making structure hamper its promotion.


Subject(s)
Environment Design , Pedestrians , Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chile , Walking , Built Environment
2.
Disasters ; 44(1): 103-124, 2020 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31231821

ABSTRACT

Urban planning can serve to minimise the effects of a tsunami and enhance community resilience. This study explores to what extent urban planning has addressed tsunami resilience in four villages on Chile's South Pacific coast, each of which was struck by tsunamis in 1960, 2010, and 2015. Through a detailed policy review and semi-structured interviews with residents, this paper analyses whether tsunami mitigation policies were incorporated into regional and local planning tools. It finds that although the government proposed relocation to tsunami-safe areas after the tsunami of 1960, urban development continued mainly in tsunami inundation zones-in the context of weak local planning frameworks and in the absence of community participation. In only one of the four case studies did participatory planning bring about the relocation of an entire village to a safe location. This paper concludes that incorporating participatory risk zone planning into urban planning enhances tsunami resilience.


Subject(s)
City Planning/organization & administration , Community Participation/psychology , Disaster Planning/organization & administration , Resilience, Psychological , Tsunamis , Chile , Humans , Risk
3.
Rev. cub. inf. cienc. salud ; 29(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-74077

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación analiza los desafíos del acceso abierto de las revistas científicas de urbanismo, arquitectura, diseño y arte en Chile. A partir de un análisis del contenido de las páginas web de las revistas y la aplicación de encuestas a sus editores, se examinaron en detalle los formatos de acceso y publicación, la utilización de plataformas de gestión editorial, el empleo de licencias Creative Commons, las políticas de cesión de derechos de autoría, el uso de programas antiplagio y los modelos de financiamiento. Los resultados muestran que la totalidad de las revistas académicas del ámbito del urbanismo, arquitectura, diseño y arte en Chile son editadas por universidades sin fines de lucro y se autodeclaran de acceso abierto. Sus artículos están disponibles gratuitamente a través de sus páginas web, repositorios institucionales y/o SciELO, Latindex y RedALyC. Asimismo, la mayoría de las revistas utiliza licencias Creative Commons y recientemente el Open Journal System. Sin embargo, más de la mitad de las revistas sigue empleando derechos de autoría restrictivas o no tiene políticas editoriales explícitas al respecto, lo cual limita el acceso abierto de sus manuscritos. Otros problemas detectados para el acceso abierto son la falta de modelos de financiamiento sustentables y la preferencia de autores latinoamericanos por publicar en revistas internacionales de alto impacto en inglés, usualmente editadas por editoriales comerciales sin acceso abierto. Estas problemáticas constituyen importantes desafíos que requieren de nuevas estrategias, para así asegurar que las investigaciones latinoamericanas de alta calidad estén disponibles en formato abierto para la comunidad(AU)


This research analyzes the challenges of open access of scientific journals of urbanism, architecture, design and art in Chile. Based on an analysis of the content of the web pages of the journals and the application of a survey to their editors, the access and publication formats, use of journal management systems, Creative Commons licenses, copyright policies, use of plagiarism detection software and financing models are examined in detail. The results show that all academic journals in the field of urbanism, architecture, design and art in Chile are published by non-profit universities, and declare themselves as open access, with their articles being available free of charge through their web pages, institutional repositories and/or SciELO, Latindex and RedALyC. Likewise, most of the journals use Creative Commons licenses and recently the Open Journal System. However, more than half of the journals still use restrictive copyrights or do not have explicit editorial policies in this regard, which limits the open access of their manuscripts. Other problems for the open access are the lack of sustainable financing models and the preference of Latin American authors for publishing in high impact international journals in English, usually edited by commercial publishers without open access. These problems are important challenges that require new editorial strategies, in order to ensure that high-quality Latin American research is available in an open access format to the entire academic community(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Architecture/organization & administration , Access to Information , Scientific and Technical Publications , Periodical , Computer Communication Networks , Chile
4.
Rev. cub. inf. cienc. salud ; 29(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-960298

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación analiza los desafíos del acceso abierto de las revistas científicas de urbanismo, arquitectura, diseño y arte en Chile. A partir de un análisis del contenido de las páginas web de las revistas y la aplicación de encuestas a sus editores, se examinaron en detalle los formatos de acceso y publicación, la utilización de plataformas de gestión editorial, el empleo de licencias Creative Commons, las políticas de cesión de derechos de autoría, el uso de programas antiplagio y los modelos de financiamiento. Los resultados muestran que la totalidad de las revistas académicas del ámbito del urbanismo, arquitectura, diseño y arte en Chile son editadas por universidades sin fines de lucro y se autodeclaran de acceso abierto. Sus artículos están disponibles gratuitamente a través de sus páginas web, repositorios institucionales y/o SciELO, Latindex y RedALyC. Asimismo, la mayoría de las revistas utiliza licencias Creative Commons y recientemente el Open Journal System. Sin embargo, más de la mitad de las revistas sigue empleando derechos de autoría restrictivas o no tiene políticas editoriales explícitas al respecto, lo cual limita el acceso abierto de sus manuscritos. Otros problemas detectados para el acceso abierto son la falta de modelos de financiamiento sustentables y la preferencia de autores latinoamericanos por publicar en revistas internacionales de alto impacto en inglés, usualmente editadas por editoriales comerciales sin acceso abierto. Estas problemáticas constituyen importantes desafíos que requieren de nuevas estrategias, para así asegurar que las investigaciones latinoamericanas de alta calidad estén disponibles en formato abierto para la comunidad(AU)


This research analyzes the challenges of open access of scientific journals of urbanism, architecture, design and art in Chile. Based on an analysis of the content of the web pages of the journals and the application of a survey to their editors, the access and publication formats, use of journal management systems, Creative Commons licenses, copyright policies, use of plagiarism detection software and financing models are examined in detail. The results show that all academic journals in the field of urbanism, architecture, design and art in Chile are published by non-profit universities, and declare themselves as open access, with their articles being available free of charge through their web pages, institutional repositories and/or SciELO, Latindex and RedALyC. Likewise, most of the journals use Creative Commons licenses and recently the Open Journal System. However, more than half of the journals still use restrictive copyrights or do not have explicit editorial policies in this regard, which limits the open access of their manuscripts. Other problems for the open access are the lack of sustainable financing models and the preference of Latin American authors for publishing in high impact international journals in English, usually edited by commercial publishers without open access. These problems are important challenges that require new editorial strategies, in order to ensure that high-quality Latin American research is available in an open access format to the entire academic community(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Architecture/organization & administration , Access to Information , Scientific and Technical Publications , Periodical , Computer Communication Networks , Chile
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