ABSTRACT
Human serum and albumin show a differential pulse polarographic band near -0.6 V. For sufficiently dilute solutions (less than 7 micrograms/ml) at pH 7.0, the polarographic response is linearly related to the solution concentration. At pH 12.6 a near-linear response to 70 micrograms/ml is obtained, but sample equilibration time is slow. The polarographic assay for total serum protein using bovine serum albumin (BSA) to generate a standard curve gave a correlation coefficient of 0.89. The cellular constituents of whole blood do not interfere. The correlation with BSA does not hold for protease-digested serum or albumin.
Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/analysis , Polarography , Adsorption , Female , Glass , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Microchemistry , Plastics , Serum Albumin/analysis , SolutionsABSTRACT
This report describes the use of an anthraquinone mediated fuel cell for the direct production of electrical energy from sulfonated lignin and Kraft Black Liquor. The cell produces the equivalent of 1 kWh for each 2-3 lb sulfonated lignin and 5-8 lb black liquor combustibles. In the case of the sulfonated lignin, chain session occurs during the oxidation process, reducing the molecular weight from ca. 2 x 10(4) to less than 1000 D.
ABSTRACT
A centrifugal method has been evaluated for measuring the strength of Vero Green Monkey kidney cell adhesion to growth surfaces. The centrifugal force necessary to remove cells gave a quantitative measure of cell adhesion and hence the quality of the growth surface. After being subjected to high gravity forces, both the remaining attached cells and the detached cells were viable, indicating the detachment process did not simply rupture the cell. Electron microscope examination of growth surfaces after cell detachment suggested that remnants related to filopodia remained.
Subject(s)
Cell Adhesion , Animals , Cell Line , Centrifugation/methods , Chlorocebus aethiops , Kidney , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Photoelectron spectroscopic examination of treated plastic surfaces showed that surface oxidation, primarily as carboxyl groups, was responsible for formation of good growth surfaces. Gas-plasma studies indicated that only very short exposures were required and that the effect was confined to a thin surface layer that produced adhesive surfaces. Highly adhesive surfaces were produced using oxidizing chemicals. Studies with a polymeric ester demonstrated the importance of unesterified carboxyl groups for high adhesiveness.
Subject(s)
Cell Adhesion , Animals , Carboxylic Acids , Cell Line , Chlorocebus aethiops , Kidney , Oxygen , PlasticsABSTRACT
We describe a mathematical model for a single-tube enzyme immunoassay for free thyroxin (FT4), involving use of a thyroxin/horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) conjugate that does not interact with thyroxin-binding globulin. In the presence of serum two populations of unassociated, or free, immunologically active constituents are present: FT4 and the conjugate. The concentrations of the former are determined by the serum constituents and of the latter by the albumin concentration. When a small quantity of antibody is added, it reacts with the variable amount of FT4 and with the constant amount of the conjugate, thus giving a measure of the FT4. We constructed a mathematical model based on thermodynamic binding constants and adsorption data. The model gives satisfactory agreement with the experimental data under a variety of experimental conditions. Results for 19 patients' serum samples demonstrate the validity of the concept.
