[Functional anatomy of the pharynx]. / Anatomie fonctionnelle du pharynx.

The pharynx, as the junction of the aero-digestive pathways, is situated in the centre of the cervico-facial region. The description of its anatomic components will be complemented by a study of the muscular-aponeurotic features, that the pharynx forms with its surrounding regions, presenting a complex velo-pharyngo-facial structure, the anatomic unity of which will be confirmed by a functional unit.

[Our attitude in functional vocal pathology]. / Notre attitude en pathologie vocale "fonctionnelle".

After underlining the frequency of organic lesions observed in functional diseases of vocal cords, emphasis is placed on the importance of the phonetogram in their evaluation and video-laryngo-stroboscopic investigation in their diagnosis. When surgery is necessary, stainless steel instruments are preferred to the laser. Respective isolated or associated vocal reeducational and surgical indications are discussed, and the establishment of a team including laryngologist, phoniatrist and orthophonist recommended to ensure most effective results.

Disposition and metabolism of chloramphenicol in trout.

The urinary and faecal excretion, tissue distribution and metabolism of 3H-chloramphenicol (CP) were measured in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri R., after a single 50 mg/kg intragastric dose. The major route of excretion of 3H was faecal (64.3% of the dose), with approx. 16% in the urine in five days. Radioactivity was widely distributed in trout tissues and organs, the highest concen. being in the bile and intestine. At 48 h after dosing, the radioactivity remaining in the liver, the muscle and the perigastric adipose tissue was as CP-derived compounds bound to tissues. In addition to unchanged CP (4.3% dose after 96 h), the other metabolites excreted in the urine were CP base (5.2%), CP alcohol (4.0%) and CP glucuronide (1.8%).