Subject(s)
Continuity of Patient Care/organization & administration , Nursing Homes/organization & administration , Patient Discharge , Social Work Department, Hospital/organization & administration , Stress, Psychological/prevention & control , Aftercare/psychology , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Care Team , Patient Transfer , United StatesSubject(s)
Continuity of Patient Care/organization & administration , Nursing Homes/organization & administration , Patient Discharge , Social Work Department, Hospital/organization & administration , Stress, Psychological/prevention & control , Adaptation, Psychological , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Care Planning , Patient Transfer , United StatesABSTRACT
Most research suggests that ingestion of cranberry juice may be useful in preventing urinary tract infections. This pilot study examines the effect of drinking moderate amounts of commercially available cranberry juice cocktail on urinary pH in older, institutionalized adults. The results of the study have implications for home care nurses who have similar patients in their case loads.
Subject(s)
Beverages , Fruit , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control , Urinary Tract Infections/urine , Age Factors , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Cross-Over Studies , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
It took about 9 months of diligent effort to resolve Mr. C's chronic, highly resistive case of scabies. In all, Mr. C. had a total of seven treatments with a scabicidal lotion or cream. In addition, other medications were prescribed in an attempt to resolve his skin condition. The treatment of scabies is costly to an institution, in medications, supplies, and additional nursing time required to treat the patient, as well as other patients prophylactically. Therefore it behooves nurses to do a thorough skin assessment on all nursing home care patients at least monthly, recognize early signs of scabies, and be cognizant of the fact that scabies in the elderly patient may have an atypical distribution.
Subject(s)
Scabies/nursing , Aged , Chronic Disease , Humans , Infection Control , Male , Nursing Homes , Risk Factors , Scabies/diagnosis , Scabies/transmissionABSTRACT
Cognitive data were obtained on 19 of the 21 pairs of siblings who had been in the authors' earlier study of behavioral outcomes associated with participation in the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The timing of WIC participation differed for the members of the sibling pairs, beginning in the perinatal period for one sibling and after 1 year of age for the other. The perinatally supplemented siblings received WIC services for an average of 22 months longer than the siblings whose supplementation began at 1 year of age. The present study determined that enhancements in IQ scores proved stable on blind retesting 32 months after the original study, with those siblings who were supplemented perinatally (and for a longer duration) continuing to exhibit higher scores. The group differences in school grade point averages were in the expected direction at followup, but fell short of statistical significance.
Subject(s)
Cognition , Dietary Services , Family , Birth Order , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Intelligence Tests , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A battery of cognitive measures, an adjustment measure, and multiple health indices were obtained for sibling pairs who differed in the timing of their participation in the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) several years earlier, with participation during the perinatal period occurring for one sibling, but after one year of age for the other. Results indicated that the perinatally supplemented group showed significant enhancement of most intellectual and behavioral measures in the current home and school setting, including IQ, attention span, visual-motor synthesis, and school grade-point average when compared with the group supplemented later. Of the health assessments, most trends were in the expected direction, but only height for age values were significantly different for the two groups.
Subject(s)
Cognition , Family , Food Services , Health Status , Health , Analysis of Variance , Child , Child Behavior , Child Health Services , Female , Humans , Intelligence Tests , Louisiana , Male , Maternal Age , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Subtest and Total scores on the Denver Developmental Screening Test were examined for a grop of 22 prechool-aged low-income children who had been lead-poisoned, then medically deleaded. Pretest scores were obtained before blood lead elevations occurred; posttest scores were obtained an average of 4.5 months after deleading. Pretest scores were comparable to those of matched Control group, but posttest scores on th Fine Motor-Adaptive subtest declined, indicating significant residual effecs of lead poisoning.
Subject(s)
Child Development , Lead Poisoning/psychology , Psychological Tests , Adaptation, Physiological , Chelating Agents/pharmacology , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hyperkinesis/complications , Lead/blood , Male , Porphyrins/bloodABSTRACT
Tonic immobility in chickens was affected by a variety of drugs that act on monoaminergic systems. Compounds that enhanced the duration of tonic immobility were d-LSD, BOL-148, pargyline, and iproniazid; 5-hydroxytryptophan, p-CPA, and atropine had no effect. Injections of serotonin depressed response duration. A suggestive parallel was noted between the results of the present study and those of previous work reporting drug-induced suppression of raphe electrical activity. The data appear to implicate monoamines, especially serotonin, in the mediation of behavioral activation and suppression.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/physiology , Brain Stem/physiology , Chickens/physiology , Fear/physiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Serotonin/physiology , 5-Hydroxytryptophan/pharmacology , Animals , Atropine/pharmacology , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Brain Stem/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Fenclonine/pharmacology , Iproniazid/pharmacology , Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/pharmacology , Movement/drug effects , Pargyline/pharmacology , Pons/drug effects , Reaction Time/drug effects , Receptors, Drug/drug effects , Serotonin/pharmacology , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
The present study sought to investigate the interrelationships between anxiety level and cognitive style upon pursuit rotor learning under conditions of relatively massed practice. The empirical specifications of anxiety were chosen so as to render the study comparable to previous investigations executed within the general framework of Spence's (1956, 1958) developments of Hull's (1943) notions concerning the relationship to drive level and learning task performance. The results were also related to Eysenck's (1956, 1964, 1965) elaborations of Hullian theory as related to motor learning phenomena. The cognitive style variable was assessed by a single measuring instrument, the Stroop Test. The variables tapped by this instrument were expressed within the framework of neo-Hullian theory, and predictions made from an expanded version of the theory. Subjects were constituted into four groups: Cognitive High-anxiety, Cognitive Low-anxiety, Perceptual-motor High-anxiety, and Perceptual-motor Low-anxiety. When the pursuit rotor task was administered, Perceptual-motor subjects excelled, as expected, as compared to Cognitive subjects. High-anxious Perceptual-motor subjects exhibited greater amounts of reminiscence than did Low-anxious Perceptual-motor subjects; unexpectedly, the reverse effect obtained within the Cognitive group, with the Low-anxious subjects showing more reminiscence. It is suggested that conditioned inhibitory effects might have appeared differentially within the groups.
Subject(s)
Anxiety , Cognition , Motor Skills , Personality , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Practice, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Small doses of morphine, within the range of 0.02 mg/kg to 10.15 mg/kg were administered to chickens (Gallus gallus) and the effect on the fear-based tonic immobility (TI) response determined. All doses at and above 0.13 mg/kg enhanced the TI response significantly above the levels produced for the 0.2 mg/kg dose and the distilled water control group. Administration of a single large dose of p-chlorophenylalanine prevented the morphine-induced enhancement of TI. It was suggested that serotonin systems mediate morphine effects on tonic immobility in chickens.
