ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Hematologic malignancies (HM) in internal medicine remain undocumented, both epidemiological aspects, diagnosis, therapeutic that evolutionary. An inventory of sites, will document these aspects, to identify highly lethal forms, and thus contribute to improving the management of HM in a hospital in a developing country. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study referred to descriptive over two and a half years, from review of patients' medical records allowed an exhaustive census of 58 cases of HM admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine of University Hospital Souro Sanou (UHC SS). RESULTS: The first reason for consultation were abdominal tumor syndrome (63.7%). The average age of patients was 42 ± 19.7 years with extremes ranging from 16 to 87 years. The sex ratio was 1.42: 1. Hematological disturbances were strongly suspected anemia (89.2%), leukocytosis (64.3%) and thrombocytopenia (46.4%). The HM depending on cytology were dominated by lymphomas (48.2%) followed by chronic myeloid leukemia or 15.5%. Chemotherapy was undertaken in 63.7% of cases. Lethality was 23.1%, was significantly higher for acute leukemia 40% (p = 0.0012). HIV serology was positive in 3 patients among the 13 cases tested. CONCLUSION: This study provided a better understanding of HM epidemiology at the UHC SS in the department of internal medicine. It revealed a predominance of lymphomas with difficulties in the initiation of chemotherapy. Improving access to chemotherapy, and technical support enable a reduction in the fatality associated with HM in the department of internal medicine at UHC SS.
Subject(s)
Hematologic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Burkina Faso/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospital Departments , Hospitals, University , Humans , Internal Medicine , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of major sickle cell anaemia on the auditory function of the patients. It was a prospective survey conducted in the university hospital of Yopougon (Republic of Côte d'Ivoire). The auditory function of 112 major sickle cell anaemia patients 5- to 40-five-years-old, was compared with 112 healthy controls. 17% (19/112) of major sickle cell anaemia patients presented hearing loss from 30 dB to 65 dB versus 4% of controls. The average age of deaf patients was 26-years-old (7 years to 40-years-old). The sex-ratio was 0,73. The SC form with 47% (9/19) of deafness was the form the most frequently found followed by form SS, 37% (7/19) and form S beta+ thalassaemia 16% (3/19). The form S beta 0 thalassaemia did not record deafness patients. However the form having shown the highest rate of attack was the form S beta+ thalassaemia with 25% (3/12) followed by form SC 21% (9/43) and form SS 14% (7/51) of deafness. Deafness was generally light 73, 7% of the cases and often bilateral (52.6% of the cases). The audiometric loss affected both extremes of the hearing range, but was more significant in lower tones (58% of cases). Higher tones represented 5% of the cases. It was often sensorineural hearing loss 58% of the cases. Mixed hearing loss represented 42% of the cases.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Hearing Loss/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Audiometry , Case-Control Studies , Child , Cote d'Ivoire/epidemiology , Female , Health Surveys , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/epidemiology , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/etiology , Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural/epidemiology , Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural/etiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/epidemiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Hemoglobin SC Disease/complications , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Sickle Cell Trait/complications , Young Adult , beta-Thalassemia/complicationsABSTRACT
Sickle cell anemia being involved in oxidizing stress, our objective was to study the influence of the fetal haemoglobin rate (FHb) on the lipoperoxidation markers in homozygote sickle cell patient in tropical African surroundings. The study population was composed of 73 subjects among whom 57 homozygote sickle cell subjects and 16 healthy control cases. These subjects were distributed in 4 groups according to FHb rate: group 1 (FHb rate under 10%), group 2 (FHb rate ranging from 10 and 20%), group 3 (FHb rate above 20%), group 4 (control cases with no sickle cell disease). On the biological level, the markers of plasma lipoperoxidation represented by substances reacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) significantly increased in sickle cell patients comparatively to control cases (p = 10(-6)). A strong positive correlation (r = +0,70, p<0,01) was found between HbS and the TBARS rate. Comparison of biological parameters of homozygote sickle cell patients according to HbF rate shows that TBARS rate is all the more low as the HbF rate is high (p = 0,02). Moreover the number of irreversible and reversible sickle cells is higher in the group 1 which has the highest rate of TBARS. This observation is confirmed by a coefficient of positive correlation between TBARS and reversible sickle cells (r = +0,40, p < 0,01). This study strengthens the role played by HbF on the modulation of physiopathology of homozygote sickle cell anemia by the control, among others, of free radicals.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood , Anemia, Sickle Cell/metabolism , Fetal Hemoglobin/analysis , Oxidative Stress , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/genetics , Child , Child, Preschool , Cote d'Ivoire , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Homozygote , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate and the risk factors for the carriage of hepatitis B markers in pregnant women in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Out of 917 pregnant women recruited during antenatal care, 98 (10.7%) were HBs antigen positive. Among these ones, 18.2% carded HBe antigen, 66.7% antiHBe antibodies and 95.6% antiHBc antibodies. Two risk factors were identified: maternal age of 23 and 28 (RR = 2.33, chi2 =12.21, p = 0.005) and widowage (Fisher test RR = 6.43, p = 0.0016). This high prevalence of HBs antigen calls for systematic screening for hepatitis B during antenatal care along with an immunization policy toward women of reproductive age and newborns.
Subject(s)
Carrier State/epidemiology , Hepatitis B e Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Urban Health/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Biomarkers/blood , Burkina Faso/epidemiology , Carrier State/blood , Carrier State/diagnosis , Carrier State/immunology , Female , Health Services Needs and Demand , Hepatitis B/blood , Hepatitis B/diagnosis , Hepatitis B/immunology , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Humans , Mass Screening , Maternal Age , Middle Aged , Population Surveillance , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/blood , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology , Prenatal Care , Risk Factors , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Widowhood/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
De decembre 1995 a mai 1996; une epidemie de rougeole est survenue dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso; Burkina Faso. Des investigations ont ete realisees dans le but de mieux comprendre les caracteristiques et les determinants de cette epidemie. Une enquete exhaustive a ete realisee dans les formations sanitaires urbaines pour documenter tous les cas de rougeole mentionnes sur les registres de consultations. Tous les centres de vaccination ont ete visites pour evaluer leur plateau technique et la qualite de leurs prestations. Enfin; une enquete cas-temoins appariee sur l'age et le domicile (386 paires cas-temoins) ainsi qu'un sondage de couverture vaccinale selon le protocole OMS classique de 30 grappes ont complete les investigations par echantillonnage dans la population generale. Entre le 1er octobre 1995 et mi-mai 1996; 3768 cas de rougeole ont ete diagnostiques; soit un taux d'incidence cumule de 9;7 pour mille (34;6 pour mille avant 1 an; 28;9 pour mille de 1 a 4 ans; 10;7 pour mille de 5 a 14 ans et 4;8 pour mille a partir de 15 ans). L'epidemie a demarre fin novembre; debut decembre 1995; par des petits foyers dans un secteur central et dans deux secteurs peripheriques. A partir de mi-janvier 1996; elle s'est brutalement propagee et amplifiee dans le reste de la ville; pour culminer en mars et s'eteindre en mai
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Measles , Measles/epidemiology , Therapeutic Uses , VaccinesABSTRACT
The level of diarrheic diseases among children in Burkina Faso is very high. The identification of aetiologic agents of diarrhoea in hospitalized children (0-36 months) is one of the objectives of the study. All children less than 37 months old admitted to the Pediatric Unit of the National Hospital Souro Sanou of Bobo-Dioulasso between January 1990 and March 1991, were investigated by a standardized clinical examination, and in addition, we do an analysis of a rectal swab at admission and a stool to identify aetiologic enteric agents. As a conclusion to the study: an agent was isolated in 56% of the children with diarrhoea, and in 40% of the children without diarrhoea; some germs (such Salmonella, Shigella, Entamoeba) are found in children both with and without diarrhoea; also, the total of these examinations comes to 20 US $ per episode, or 100 US $ per children/year in Burkina Faso where the number of bouts reaches 5 times per year per infant who is less than 5 years old. Stool samples are not beneficial for children with diarrhoea, neither for the diagnosis nor for the treatment. There fore these types of routine exams should not be used in Sub-Saharan Africa.
