ABSTRACT
Kerion celsi is the inflammatory extreme of tinea capitis, representing a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the causative dermatophyte. Some authors have advocated the use of oral corticosteroids in patients with kerion formation to inhibit the host inflammatory response and minimize the risk of scarring. This retrospective study analyzed the management and outcome of all children younger than 10 years old presenting to our pediatric dermatology service with tinea capitis resulting in kerion formation between 2003 and 2009. We propose that kerion treatment be directed toward the underlying dermatophyte. Oral and intralesional corticosteroids are an unnecessary adjunct to oral antifungal therapy for children with tinea capitis presenting with kerion in urban areas.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Arthrodermataceae/drug effects , Tinea Capitis/drug therapy , Trichophyton/drug effects , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Cicatrix/prevention & control , Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, life-threatening, drug-induced illness characterised by a widespread polymorphic eruption, fever and multivisceral involvement. There is little published on the management of DRESS. Prompt recognition and withdrawal of the causative drug is essential, along with supportive treatment. However, the condition commonly progresses despite these measures. Oral corticosteroids are usually given but the response can be suboptimal and result in a prolonged exposure to systemic glucocorticoid. We conducted a prospective single-centre study to determine the efficacy of pulsed intravenous methylprednisolone followed by a short reducing course of oral prednisolone in ten patients with confirmed DRESS. Rash and fever responded rapidly to methylprednisolone in all patients. Compared to pre-treatment assessments, there was a significant reduction in eosinophil count at day 14 and AST level at day 90 post-treatment. One patient developed acute hepatic failure, necessitating a liver transplant, and died 4 months later. In the immediate post-treatment phase, 1 patient developed type 1 diabetes and 1 patient developed a corticosteroid-induced psychosis. Long-term follow-up on 8/10 revealed all patients to be well, although one patient had persistent pruritus. An aggressive corticosteroid regimen in the management of DRESS is associated with good clinical outcome and acceptable tolerance.
Subject(s)
Drug Eruptions/drug therapy , Eosinophilia/drug therapy , Exanthema/drug therapy , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Adult , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Eruptions/complications , Eosinophilia/chemically induced , Eosinophilia/complications , Exanthema/chemically induced , Exanthema/complications , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Leukocyte Count , Male , Middle Aged , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Prospective Studies , Syndrome , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
Molluscum contagiosum is a common viral infection of the skin that frequently affects children. Lesions take between 6 and 18 months to resolve spontaneously and are a source of great embarrassment to both caretakers and children, often affecting attendance at school and limiting social activity. Treatment options to date have been poorly tolerated by children but recent studies have suggested that potassium hydroxide may be beneficial. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study compared 10% potassium hydroxide with placebo (normal saline). Twenty patients, aged 2 to 12 years, were recruited. Parents applied a solution twice daily to lesional skin until signs of inflammation appeared. Children were examined by the same observer on days 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90. Seventy percent of children receiving topical potassium hydroxide cleared, compared with 20% in the placebo group. Further dosing studies are required to identify whether weaker concentrations of potassium hydroxide are as efficacious, with less irritancy.
Subject(s)
Hydroxides/administration & dosage , Keratolytic Agents/administration & dosage , Molluscum Contagiosum/drug therapy , Potassium Compounds/administration & dosage , Administration, Cutaneous , Child , Child, Preschool , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Double-Blind Method , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , Hydroxides/adverse effects , Keratolytic Agents/adverse effects , Male , Molluscum Contagiosum/pathology , Potassium Compounds/adverse effects , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to measure causal beliefs in individuals with psoriasis and to explore their relationship with perceived stress, quality of life, psychological well-being and psoriasis severity. METHODS: This study was cross-sectional in design, and patients were required to complete validated questionnaires assessing perceptions of illness, quality of life, psoriasis severity, perceived stress and psychological mood. A total of 141 individuals were recruited from two settings: an outpatient skin clinic at King's College Hospital and the Psoriasis Association. RESULTS: A strong belief in stress/psychological attributes as a causal factor was found in 61% of the sample. This belief was significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression and perceived stress (r > or = .38; P < or = .0001). Perceived stress in this sample was significantly associated with a poorer level of quality of life, higher levels of anxiety and depression (r > or = .27; P < or = .002) but not with psoriasis severity. CONCLUSIONS: The belief that stress is causal was associated with lower levels of psychological well-being. However, there was no association between perceived stress and more objective measures of psoriasis severity.
