Social Cognitive Theory, Driving Cessation, and Alternative Transportation in Later Life.

Having viable alternative transportation options could help individuals stop driving when appropriate. This study employs the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to understand the barriers and facilitators of alternative transportation among a sample of adults aged 55 and older (N = 32). Using a daily transportation data collection app, MyAmble, the research team asked participants questions structured around environmental, individual, and behavioral factors as outlined in the SCT framework. Responses were analyzed using directed content analysis. Findings suggest a substantial reliance on motor vehicles and it was evident that many participants had never seriously considered what they would do if they could no longer drive. We posit that SCT principles may be applied to help older adults build self-efficacy to transition to driving cessation when needed.

Emotional Stress Experience of Care Professionals for Older Adults with Dementia: A Qualitative Interpretive Meta-synthesis.

Emotional stress is a common problem for many professionals in dementia care. Although a plethora of quantitative studies have examined the factors that affect care professionals' emotional stress, little qualitative research has provided in-depth understanding of professional stress experiences. To magnify the voices of professionals who share their experiences of stress in caring for older adults with dementia, a qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis of five qualitative studies was conducted. Guided by Pearlin's stress process model, four themes were identified: (1) emotional attachments to older adults with dementia; (2) difficulties in dementia care; (3) stressful working environment; and (4) conflicts with family members of older adults with dementia. Findings further highlighted that professionals' genuine concern for the well-being of older adults with dementia reinforced the perception of stressors identified in each of the preceding themes. These results could inform the improvements of emotional support for care professionals in practice and policy arenas.

Scoping Review: Ethical Considerations in Online Ethnographic Research With Military Populations.

Researchers using online ethnographic methods to study military communities must employ higher standards of ethical practice. Military populations may face significant risk if reidentified in research. These requirements are especially salient for online data collection. This review questions how and to what extent military online ethnographers are addressing ethics considerations. We charted evidence from seven military studies using an online ethnographic method. Findings reveal that most online military ethnographers did not utilize sufficient ethical safeguards in their studies. Additionally, they did not document or transparently disclose the ethical steps they may have taken. This study argues implementing ethical safeguards is especially important for protecting vulnerable military populations. We present a strategy for evaluating ethics practices in online ethnographic research and provide best practices for military online ethnographers.