ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIM: Tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare type of malignancy. Although complete resection is standard treatment for localized ACC, treatment for unresectable ACC has not been established. It is unclear whether concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is effective for ACC. CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of dyspnea and thickening of the bronchial wall from the tracheal carina to the left main bronchus, as observed on a CT scan. Systemic examinations and transbronchial biopsy led to a diagnosis of locally advanced ACC. Although radiotherapy and chemotherapy are not regarded as very sensitive for ACC, a favorable response was obtained with CCRT. Following CCRT, he received ICI therapy with durvalumab for 1 year. The patient has remained in a stable condition 18 months after therapy, with no recurrence. CONCLUSION: ICI after CCRT might be a promising treatment option for unresectable tracheobronchial ACC.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal , Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic , Chemoradiotherapy , Humans , Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/therapy , Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology , Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Chemoradiotherapy/methods , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Bronchial Neoplasms/therapy , Bronchial Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bronchial Neoplasms/pathology , Tracheal Neoplasms/therapy , Tracheal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Tracheal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tracheal Neoplasms/pathology , BiopsyABSTRACT
The Global Navigation Satellite System-Acoustic ranging combination technique (GNSS-A) is the only geodetic observation method that can precisely detect absolute horizontal and vertical seafloor crustal deformations at the centimetre scale. GNSS-A has detected many geophysical phenomena and is expected to make great contributions to earthquake disaster prevention science and geodesy. However, current observation methods that use vessels and buoys suffer from high cost or poor real-time performance, which leads to low observation frequency and delays in obtaining and transmitting disaster prevention information. To overcome these problems, a new sea surface platform is needed. Here, we present an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system developed for GNSS-A surveys capable of landing on the sea surface. Submetre-level seafloor positioning is achieved based on real-time single-frequency GNSS data acquired over an actual site. UAV-based GNSS-A allows high-frequency, near real-time deployment, and low-cost seafloor geodetic observations. This system could be deployed to acquire high-frequency observations with centimetre-scale accuracies when using dual-frequency GNSS.
ABSTRACT
A mucus plug caused by bronchial obstruction of a broncholith may mimic lung cancer, and bronchoscopic removal of the broncholith was useful for differential diagnosis.
