ABSTRACT
Various components of garlic and aged garlic extract, including allicin, S-allylcysteine (SAC) and volatile metabolites of allicin were determined in breath, plasma and simulated gastric fluids by HPLC, gas chromatography (GC) or HPLC- and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). Data indicate that allicin decomposes in stomach acid to release allyl sulfides, disulfides and other volatiles that are postulated to be metabolized by glutathione and/or S-adenosylmethionine to form allyl methyl sulfide. SAC can be absorbed by the body and can be determined in plasma by HPLC or HPLC-MS using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-MS.
Subject(s)
Cysteine/analogs & derivatives , Cysteine/metabolism , Garlic/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Contents/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Sulfinic Acids/metabolism , Allyl Compounds/metabolism , Breath Tests , Chromatography, Gas/methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Cysteine/blood , Disulfides , Garlic/chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods , Glutathione/metabolism , Humans , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/metabolism , S-Adenosylmethionine/metabolism , Sulfides/metabolism , Sulfinic Acids/analysisABSTRACT
This paper describes the first high-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method for the identification of atranorin and related potential allergens in oakmoss absolute. Oakmoss absolute is ubiquitous in the fragrance industry and is a key component in many fine perfumes. However, oakmoss absolute causes an allergic response in some individuals. Research is focused toward establishing the identity of the compounds causing the allergic response so a quality controlled oakmoss with reduced allergenic potential can be prepared. Consequently a highly selective and specific analytical method is necessary to support this effort. This is not available with the existing HPLC methods using UV detection.
Subject(s)
Allergens/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Hydroxybenzoates/analysis , Lichens/chemistry , Atmospheric Pressure , Mass Spectrometry , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was the major technique used to determine various metabolites after consumption of dehydrated granular garlic and an enteric-coated garlic preparation, in breath, plasma, and simulated gastric fluids. A special short-path thermal desorption device was used as an introduction technique for the gas chromatograph for the determination of volatiles. These garlic preparations release allicin, which decomposes in stomach acid or with time in the intestine to release allyl sulfides, disulfides and other volatiles, some of which are postulated to be metabolized by glutathione and/or S-adenosylmethionine to form allyl methyl sulfide, the main sulfur containing volatile metabolite. S-Allylcysteine, a non-volatile bioactive component of aged garlic preparations, was determined in human plasma and urine by HPLC-MS using the negative ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mode (APcI)- MS. The technique of selected ion monitoring was used for quantitation. A synthetic internal standard of deuterated S-allylcysteine was added to the plasma or urine to ensure recovery and to obtain reliable quantitative data.
