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1.
Neuron ; 55(5): 697-711, 2007 Sep 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17785178

ABSTRACT

Neural network dysfunction may play an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuronal circuits vulnerable to AD are also affected in human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) transgenic mice. hAPP mice with high levels of amyloid-beta peptides in the brain develop AD-like abnormalities, including cognitive deficits and depletions of calcium-related proteins in the dentate gyrus, a region critically involved in learning and memory. Here, we report that hAPP mice have spontaneous nonconvulsive seizure activity in cortical and hippocampal networks, which is associated with GABAergic sprouting, enhanced synaptic inhibition, and synaptic plasticity deficits in the dentate gyrus. Many Abeta-induced neuronal alterations could be simulated in nontransgenic mice by excitotoxin challenge and prevented in hAPP mice by blocking overexcitation. Aberrant increases in network excitability and compensatory inhibitory mechanisms in the hippocampus may contribute to Abeta-induced neurological deficits in hAPP mice and, possibly, also in humans with AD.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology , Cognition Disorders/physiopathology , Dentate Gyrus/physiopathology , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Neural Inhibition/genetics , Neural Pathways/physiopathology , Alzheimer Disease/complications , Alzheimer Disease/metabolism , Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism , Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics , Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism , Animals , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Cognition Disorders/metabolism , Dentate Gyrus/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Epilepsy/etiology , Epilepsy/metabolism , Humans , Mice , Mice, Knockout , Mice, Transgenic , Neocortex/metabolism , Neocortex/physiopathology , Neural Pathways/metabolism , Neuronal Plasticity/physiology , Neurotoxins/pharmacology , Synaptic Transmission/genetics , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
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