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2.
Anaesth Intensive Care ; 44(6): 762-768, 2016 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27832566

ABSTRACT

The genetic basis of malignant hyperthermia (MH) is not fully characterised and likely involves more than just the currently classified mutations in the gene encoding the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) and the gene encoding the α1 subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor (CACNA1S). In this paper we sequence other genes involved in calcium trafficking within skeletal muscle in patients with positive in vitro contracture tests, searching for alternative genes associated with MH. We identified four rare variants in four different genes (CACNB1, CASQ1, SERCA1 and CASQ2) encoding proteins involved in calcium handling in skeletal muscle in a cohort of 30 Australian MH susceptible probands in whom prior complete sequencing of RYR1 and CACNA1S had yielded no rare variants. These four variants have very low minor allele frequencies and while it is tempting to speculate that they have a role in MH, they remain at present variants of unknown significance. Nevertheless they provide the basis for a new set of functional studies, which may indeed identify novel players in MH.


Subject(s)
Calcium/metabolism , Malignant Hyperthermia/genetics , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism , Biological Transport , Calcium Channels/genetics , Calcium Channels, L-Type , Calsequestrin/genetics , Humans , Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/genetics
3.
Anaesth Intensive Care ; 43(2): 157-66, 2015 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25735680

ABSTRACT

Defects in the genes coding for the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) and alpha 1 subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor (CACNA1S) have been identified as causative for malignant hyperthermia (MH). Sixty-two MH susceptible individuals presenting to the same diagnostic centre had copy deoxyribonucleic acid, derived from muscle ribonucleic acid, sequenced to identify variants with the potential to be responsible for the MH phenotype in both RYR1 and CACNA1S. These genetic findings were combined with clinical episode details and in vitro contracture test results to improve our understanding of the Australian MH cohort. Twelve novel variants were identified in RYR1 and six in CACNA1S. Known RYR1 causative mutations were identified in six persons and novel variants in RYR1 and CACNA1S in a further 17 persons. Trends indicated higher mutation identification in those with more definitive clinical episodes and stronger in vitro contracture test responses.


Subject(s)
Calcium Channels/genetics , Malignant Hyperthermia/genetics , Mutation , Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/genetics , Australia , Calcium Channels, L-Type , Family Health , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Genetic Variation/genetics , Humans , Mutation/genetics , Sequence Analysis/methods
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