ABSTRACT
Collapse of the protein homeostasis (proteostasis) can lead to accumulation and aggregation of unfolded proteins, which has been found to associate with a number of disease conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and inflammation. Here we report a maleimide-functionalized tetraphenylethene (TPE)-derivatized fluorescent dye, TPE-NMI, which shows fluorescence turn-on property upon reacting with unfolded proteins in vitro and in live cells under proteostatic stress conditions. The level of unfolded proteins can be measured by flow cytometry and visualized with confocal microscopy.
Subject(s)
Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Maleimides/chemistry , Proteins/chemistry , Stilbenes/chemistry , Animals , Cell Line, Tumor , Fluorescent Dyes/chemical synthesis , Mice , Microscopy, Confocal , Protein Aggregates , Protein Unfolding , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Tunicamycin/chemistryABSTRACT
This account describes the work of our group in the area of organic photovoltaics in the past six years. The emphasis is on our experiences in the development of the organic materials, their characterization, scale-up and application in devices. We share our insight into the relationship between synthetic methods, molecular properties, bulk material properties and device performance.
