[Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. METHODS: The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.

Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.

Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases. Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province. Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59% and 9.64% in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, with a decline rate of 87.89% during the 25-year period (χ2 = 30 870.5, P < 0.01). There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014, respectively, with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys. In Jiangxi Province, the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides (71.06%), hookworm (17.61%) and Enterobius vermicularis (17.59%) in 1989, and E. vermicularis (13.73%), hookworm (4.66%), whipworm (0.95%) in 2014. A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province (P < 0.01), and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50% to 95.31% in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period. Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province, and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.

[Trends of soil-transmitted nematode infections in Jiangxi Province].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the status and trends of soil-transmitted nematode infections in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014, so as to provide the evidence for generating the strategy of soil-transmitted nematode prevention and control. METHODS: The data of three epidemiological surveys on human parasitic diseases (in 1989, 2002 and 2014) were classified and analyzed. The stool examination by Kato-Katz's thick smear method was adopted for the investigation of soil-transmitted nematode infections. RESULTS: The total infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes decreased by 91.89% from 77.67% in 1989 to 6.30% in 2014, in which the infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides decreased by 98.78% from 71.11% to 0.87%, the infection rate of Trichuris trichiura decreased by 96.80% from 29.67% to 0.95%, and the infection rate of hookworm declined by 73.57% from 17.63% to 4.66%. The infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes in the female were higher than those in the male in three surveys. In different ecological districts, the infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes in the female were also higher than those in the male, except in Zhe-Min Ecological District in 2002 and 2014. A declined trend of the infection was showed in all age-groups in the three surveys, but it slowed down by the growth of age, i.e., the reduction rate was 97.03% in the age group of < 10 years while 80.62% in the age group of >70 years. In 2014, the number of persons infected with soil-transmitted nematodes occupied 65.4% of the whole number of persons infected with intestinal parasites. CONCLUSIONS: The mean infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes decrease obviously in human population in different ecological districts, but the soil-transmitted nematodes are still the main species in intestinal parasite infections. The sequence of dominant species changes from A. lumbricoides, hookworm and T. trichiura in 1989 to hookworm, T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides in 2014. The rural female and elder people are the key population, while hookworm is the key species for the prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematodes.

Study of the efficacy of a monoclonal antibody biotin-avidin system for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnostic efficiency of circulating antigen using the TM5.28 mAB-biotin-avidin system for the detection of schistosomiasis japonica.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A mAb-biotin-avidin system was set up using a TM5.28 mAB which was prepared against a gut associated antigen of Schistosoma japonicum. Detection was performed on the sera from 50 acute schistosomiasis patients, 224 chronic patients, 49 advanced patients and 46 schistosomiasis patients who were followed up at 6 months and 12 months post treatment. In addition, 19 cases of clonorchiasis, 31 cases of paragonimiasis, 23 cases of hepatitis B and 100 healthy individuals were also included.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The system showed sensitivity of 83.1% and specificity of 94.0% when applied to detect chronic schistosomiasis and healthy persons respectively, while 94.0% to acute schistosomiasis. The Youden's index of the system was 0.771. The rate of cross-reaction to paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis and hepatitis B was 12.9%, 15.8% and 13.0% respectively. The rates of negative turning were 43.9% and 62.1% respectively in chronic schistosomiasis at the 6 month and 12 month intervals after treatment. Geometric mean of the OD values also decreased from 0.172 before treatment to 0.081 at 6 months and 0.068 at 12 months after treatment with a reduction rate of 60.30%. The detection rate in the heavy infected population reached a maximum of 90.0%. This was similar in moderate and light infected populations, i.e., 83.9% and 82.1%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The TM5.28 mAb-biotin-avidin system showed a relatively high efficiency in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis and a high negative turning rate after treatment. It is, therefore, a valuable tool for the estimation of prevalence in endemic populations, as well as individual diagnosis and for assessing the effect of chemotherapy.</p>