Bone perforation and placement of collagen sponge facilitate bone augmentation.

BACKGROUND: Bone perforation may induce bone marrow cell migration into a collagen sponge onlay implant. This study investigated the efficacy of bone perforation and collagen sponge onlay placement with regard to new bone formation. METHODS: One hundred sixty femurs of 80 Wistar male rats were used in four groups: bone perforation and sponge (PS) group: after perforating the femur, fibrillar and heat-denatured collagen (FC-HAC) sponges were placed on the femur; sponge (S) group: a FC-HAC sponge was placed directly on the femur without bone perforation; perforation (P) group: femur perforation without collagen sponge placement; and control (C) group: neither bone perforation nor sponge placement was used. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were performed after the surgery. RESULTS: Numerous osteoblastic and fibroblastic cells were seen during the early repopulation in and at the periphery of the sponge in the PS group. These cells were seen only at the periphery of the sponge in the S group. In the PS group, angiogenesis was noted frequently, and it exhibited significantly greater new bone area compared to the other groups at days 14 and 28. CONCLUSION: The use of the FC-HAC sponge on the bone perforation area seemed to promote bone augmentation by possibly acting as a scaffold for the bone marrow cells as well as maintaining the space that is necessary for bone growth to occur.

Effect of lifestyle on periodontal disease status in diabetic patients.

Lifestyle and socioeconomic status have been associated with the disease status of diabetic patients. However, there have been few reports on the relationship between these factors and the periodontal condition of diabetics. We assessed the association between disease status and lifestyle of diabetic patients and clinical features of advanced periodontitis such as deep probing depths and severe alveolar bone loss. Fifty-seven diabetic patients were examined in this study. Clinical assessment of probing pocket depth and radiographic alveolar bone loss was performed. Data regarding diabetic status and lifestyle of the diabetic patients were also recorded and statistically analysed by logistic regression. Drinking habits and high values of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (>9.0%) were significantly associated with deep probing depth. The odds ratios (OR) of these factors were 7.72 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.80 to 33.19), and 6.10 (95% CI = 1.23 to 30.25), respectively. Presence of complications such as retinopathy (OR = 8.86, 95% CI, 1.99 to 39.40), irascible behaviour (OR = 8.40, 95% CI = 1.33 to 53.17) and high value of HbA1c (OR = 4.94, 95% CI = 1.14 to 21.46) were significantly related to mean advanced alveolar bone loss. Only the high value of HbA1c (OR = 3.53, 95% CI = 1.06 to 11.73) was detected as a significant factor related to advanced periodontitis, characterised by more than 50% mean alveolar bone loss, or two or more teeth with probing depth greater than 6 mm. In conclusion, drinking habit and irascible behaviour are correlated with the periodontal disease condition of diabetic patients, in addition to a high value of HbA1c (>9.0%). Lifestyle and psychosocial stress may affect the periodontal disease status of diabetic patients.