Analysis of difference in oral bacteria flora in saliva among elderly people in longevity zone of Guangxi / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the bacterial species, characteristics and differences of oral bacteria flora of saliva in the longevous elderly between in Bama county and in Debao county in Guangxi, in order to explore the relationship between longevity and oral salivary bacteria flora in the elderly.@*Methods@#The saliva was taken from the longevous elderly in Bama county(BM group)and people aged over 60 years in Debao county(BS group)separately, and the total DNA was extracted.The 16S rDNA-V4 region was amplified by PCR and analyzed by sequencing.The main species and diversity of bacterial colonies were recorded for difference analysis.@*Results@#A total of 14 saliva samples were collected from 7 cases in BM group and 7 cases in BS group.A total of 369 OTUs were generated by cluster analysis of 14 samples.At the genus level, the dominant salivary bacteria flora were Ctinomyces, Capnocytophaga, Chryseobacterium, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Lactobacillus, Leptotrichia, Neisseria, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Rothia, Streptococcus, Veillonella in both BM group and BS group.The OTU PCA analysis showed that some evidence for indeterminate differences was found, but statistically significant differences did not exist in the dominant components of oral flora between the two groups(P>0.05). Also, the same tendency toward the diversity(P>0.05)was presented.Similarly, the species annotation analysis and the heat map showed that there were no significant differences(P>0.05)in oral salivary flora composition between the two groups.Lactobacillu was always the prevailing flora in the Phylume, Class, Order, Family and Genus, but the abundance ratio was different between the two groups as following: Lactobacillus abundance in salivary bacteria flora was higher in BM Group than in the BS group, while Mycoplasma abundance was lower in BM Group than in the BS group(P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The dominant salivary bacteria flora is Lactobacillus in both BM and BS group, while, the abundance of Lactobacillus is higher in the BM group than in the BS group, which indicates that the longevity of population in Bama county may be related to Lactobacillus.

Analysis of difference in oral bacteria flora in saliva among elderly people in longevity zone of Guangxi / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the bacterial species,characteristics and differences of oral bacteria flora of saliva in the longevous elderly between in Bama county and in Debao county in Guangxi,in order to explore the relationship between longevity and oral salivary bacteria flora in the elderly.Methods The saliva was taken from the longevous elderly in Bama county(BM group)and people aged over 60 years in Debao county(BS group)separately,and the total DNA was extracted.The 16S rDNA-V4 region was amplified by PCR and analyzed by sequencing.The main species and diversity of bacterial colonies were recorded for difference analysis.Results A total of 14 saliva samples were collected from 7 cases in BM group and 7 cases in BS group.A total of 369 OTUs were generated by cluster analysis of 14 samples.At the genus level,the dominant salivary bacteria flora were Ctinomyces,Ca pnoc ytophaga,Chryseobacterium,Fusobacterium,Haemophilus,Lactobacillus,Leptotrichia,Neisseria,Porphyromonas,Prevotella,Rothia,Streptococcus,Veillonella in both BM group and BS group.The OTU PCA analysis showed that some evidence for indeterminate differences was found,but statistically significant differences did not exist in the dominant components of oral flora between the two groups(P＞0.05).Also,the same tendency toward the diversity(P＞0.05)was presented.Similarly,the species annotation analysis and the heat map showed that there were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05) in oral salivary flora composition between the two groups.Lactobacillu was always the prevailing flora in the Phylume,Class,Order,Family and Genus,but the abundance ratio was different between the two groups as following:Lactobacillus abundance in salivary bacteria flora was higher in BM Group than in the BS group,while Mycoplasma abundance was lower in BM Group than in the BS group(P＜0.05).Conclusions The dominant salivary bacteria flora is Lactobacillus in both BM and BS group,while,the abundance of Lactobacillus is higher in the BM group than in the BS group,which indicates that the longevity of population in Bama county may be related to Lactobacillus.

The probe of personalized homework in medical microbiology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

According to the trend of the development of the quality education, it is necessary to re-form the traditional homework assignments in medical microbiology for improving the innovation ability of students. This program attempts to reform the homework on clinical medicine undergraduates. First, the teacher must master diversified knowledge, and then the student design and finish the homework combine with personal characteristic from the training requirements of experimental confirmation, theoretical cognition and social survey. The questionnaire shows the personalized homework can help students to master the pro-fessional knowledge, stimulate study interest and improve the comprehensive quality.

The characteristics of the genes mutations in rifampin and isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Baise district, Guangxi autonomous region / 实用医学杂志

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the rpoB, KatG and inhA genes mutations in rifampin and isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) clinical isolates in Baise district, Guangxi autonomous region. Methods 128 MTB clinical strains were collected and isolated for drug susceptibility testing, and drug resistant strain DNA was subtracted for rpoB, KatG and inhA genes mutation analysis. Results 75%(27/36)isolates carried mutations in the rpoB gene,and 59.3%(16/27)isolates carried mutations in 531 sites. 44.1%(15/34) isolates carried mutations in KatG or inhA, and 66.7%(10/15) isolates appeared in KatG 315 site, with two new mutations found in KatG 279 and 427 site. In these mutation isolates, 13.3%(2/15) mutations appeared in inhA 5, 6.7%(1/15) in inhA 16, and 20%(3/15) in both katG and inhA. Conclusions The mutation of rpoB, katG and inhA genes in TB is highly correlated with its resistance to rifampin and isoniazid in Baise district, Guangxi autonomous region. The study will provide a basis for further understanding the anti-bacterium mechanism and quick diagnostic methods for drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Application of CT and MRI in volumetric measurement of necrotic lesion in patient with avascular necrosis of the femoral head / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of volumetric measurement of necrotic lesion using CT and MRI,and to assess the value of necrotic lesion volume in predicting collapse of the femoral head in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head(ANFH). Methods Comparison among CT,MRI and gross section was performed in 25 femoral heads of 18 patients who underwent total hip replacement for established ANFH.The volume of necrotic lesion was measured using fluid displacement.CT and MRI data were transferred to a computer to calculate the volume of necrotic lesion using software.One way ANOVA was used to compare the volumes of necrotic lesion measured by CT,MRI and gross section.A total of 62 patients (92 hips) who were diagnosed with ANFH but without collapse by CT were followed up 24 months.Student t-test was used to compare the ratio of the volumes of the necrotic lesion and entire femoral head in the hips with and without collapse and ROC curve analysis was carried out.Results CT and MRI coincided with gross section in the necrotic area,proliferative area and extralesional area.The volumes of the necrotic lesion measured by CT,MRI and gross section were ( 20.5 ± 5.2 ),( 21.4 ± 4.8 ),( 20.9 ± 5.2 ) cm3,respectively.There was no significant difference among the necrotic volumes measured by the three methods(F =0.185,P =0.831 ).In fifty-seven out of 92 hips,collapse of the femoral head occurred during the follow-up.The ratio of the volumes of the necrotic lesion and entire femoral head was higher in hips with collapse than in hips without collapse[ (34.5 ±9.3)％ vs.(23.4 ±8.4)％ ;t =5.749,P=0.000].The area under the ROC curve was 0.808. Conclusions The volume of the necrotic lesion plays an important role in the collapse of femoral head in patients with ANFH.Both CT and MRI can identify the shape and location of the necrotic lesion intuitively and stereospecifically and can determine the volume of the necrotic lesion accurately.

Cervical segmental motion at levels adjacent to disc herniation as determined with kinetic magnetic resonance imaging.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective radiographic review. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of cervical disc herniation on kinematics at adjacent vertebral motion segments. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Kinetic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI) is an alternative method to conventional MRI, which allows evaluation of the cervical spine in a more physiologic, weight-bearing position, and acquisition of images in flexion, extension, and neutral alignment. kMRI has previously been used to evaluate the effects of disc degeneration on cervical kinematics. METHODS: A total of 407 patients with neck pain without prior history of surgery were evaluated using kMRI. Translational motion, angular variation, and disc height were measured at each segment from C2-C3 through C7-T1. Other factors including the degree of disc degeneration, age, gender, and vertebral segment location were analyzed in order to determine any predisposing risk factors for segmental instability adjacent to disc herniations. RESULTS: Spinal levels above the disc herniation exhibited, on average, a 7.2% decrease in translational motion per mm of disc herniation (P = 0.0113), without significant change in angular motion. Levels below the herniation demonstrated a 5.2% decrease in angular motion per mm of disc herniation (P = 0.0236) without significant change in translational motion. The degree of disc degeneration had no significant effect on adjacent level motion. Disc herniation had no significant impact on disc height at adjacent levels, although disc degeneration correlated with decreased disc height above and increased disc height below. CONCLUSION: Although disc height, translational motion, and angular variation are significantly affected at the level of a disc herniation, no significant changes are apparent in adjacent segments. Our results indicate that herniated discs have no effect on ROM at adjacent levels regardless of the degree of disc degeneration or the size of disc herniation, suggesting that the natural progression of disc degeneration and adjacent segment disease may be separate, unrelated processes within the cervical spine.

Screw fixation via diploic bone paralleling to occiput table: anatomical analysis of a new technique and report of 11 cases.

Several types of posterior approaches have been adopted for occipitocervical fusion. Prior to this study, Foerater et al. in 1927 used a fibular strut graft in the site between the occiput and the lower cervical spine to achieve fusion. Since then, various techniques including wrings, Hartshill loop, AO reconstructive plate, and AXIS occipital plate were described and used widely. As far as we know, all these techniques involve the screw placement vertical to the diploic bone; however none has ever addressed the feasibility of screw placement in occiput parallelling to the diploic bone. In our study, 30 dry specimens of human occiputs were measured manually using vernier calipers and protractors. The intradiploic screw was first supposed to be inserted inferiorly to the superior nuchal line (SNL) prominence. The entry point located at the superior edge of the SNL prominence. Afterward, the measurements of extracranial occiput in SNL area on midline and bilateral 15 mm to the midline saggital-cutting planes of the occiput were conducted. The thickness of the occipital bone at the location of SNL prominence, the entry point, the exit point and the screw orientation were measured, respectively. Afterward, 11 patients with craniocervical malformation were treated surgically using this alternative and their X-ray radiographs and CT scans were evaluated postoperatively. The data showed that the occipital at the site of SNL prominence was the thickest. The thickest point was external occipital protuberance (EOP), which was up to 14 mm. The thickness decreased gradually from the site of SNL to the superior border of surgical decompressed area. The actual length of screw channel was about 26 mm. The mean thickness for safe screw insertion ranged from 5.73 to 14.14 mm. A total of 22 intraocciput screws parallel to diploic bone were placed precisely, without injury to the cerebral and inner occipital venous sinus. The results confirm that occiput is available for holding intraocciput screw paralleling to diploic bone.

Fractal dimension feature of intestinal pressure data / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Colonic manometry is a widely used method to assess digestive tract function and is of crucial importanoe in evaluating colonic activity disorder.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the kinematic and kinetic eatures f intestinal tract pressure signal of healthy volunteers and patients with abnormal colonic pressure.DESIGN: Contrast observation experiment.SETTING: People's Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area.PARTICIPANTS: Two groups of participants were organized. The patient group consisted of six patients ith abnormal colonic function. They received treatment in the People's Hospital, Shanghai Pudong New Area etween January 2000 and August 2001. These patients were not allowed to take any medicine or foods that ould affect intestinal motility within two weeks prior to the study. The control group consisted of nother 2 healthy volunteers who received health examination homeochronously. Informed consents were btained from all the participants. Gastrointestinal tract functionamonitor manufactured by CTD2SYNETICS ompany (Sweden) was employed.METHODS: Participants were asked to lie down on their left sides for 30 inutes quietly before the manometer entered the ileum with the help of an enteroscope. A water bag was ttached to the end of manometer and was filled with water to increase the end weight. The enteroscope was sed to inhale the intra-intestinal gas while it was pulled out. Afterwards, the water bag was emptied. Easurement began after the participant was asked to lie down for another 30 minutes to deplete the bnormal contraction of intestinal tract caused by enteroscope. Every inspection took about 20 minutes. Ubsequently, the water bag was filled with 50 mL water and the gas bag with 50 mL air to simulate the timulation of faeces. The simulation inspection also lasted about 20 minutes. During the measurement rocess, the precise position was determined by a B-type ultrasonic inspection system. The manometer was hen pulled out 20 cm and the same inspection process was repeated. Fractal dimension of intestinal tract ressure was calculated with the method from Higuchi to distinguish normal and abnormal colonic pressure ignal.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fractal dimension analysis of intestinal tract pressure signals.RESULTS: xtensive analysis was conducted for pressure signals of two healthy volunteers and six patients. The racta dimensions of intestinal tract pressure data from normal subjects basically kept around a certain alue, while those from patients varied greatly. There was something wrong with colonic contractions of ntestinal tract of the patients, as the associated fractal dimensions, were around "1".CONCLUSION: ractal imension of intestinal tract pressure signals is calculated, and the resultant fractal dimension can be sed as an index to distinguish normal and abnormal colonic pressure signals.

Expression of estrogen receptor in human tongue cancer cells / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To observe the expression of estrogen receptor alpha(ER?) and beta(ER?) in human tongue cancer cell line Tca8113 and its highly metastatic cell line Tb. Metheds:Immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR methods were used to observe the expression of ERs in the in vitro cultured human tongue cancer Tca8113 and Tb cells.Results:ER? and ER? mRNA were expressed in both cell lines,and the expression of ER? in Tb cells was stronger than that in Tca8113 cells, the expression of ER? was the same in the two cell lines. The ratio of ER? to ER? was higher in Tb cells than that in Tca8113 cells.Conclusion:The overexpression of ER? and ER?/ER? ratio may be associated with the higher potential of metastasis of Tb cells.