ABSTRACT
In view of the role of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the local host defenses of the gut and biliary tract, and the association of IgA deficiency with various intestinal disorders, an ultrasonographic study was performed to determine the prevalence of gallstones in selective IgA deficiency. Eight of 13 children (three girls and five boys) with selective IgA deficiency had abnormal biliary sonograms. Four had cholelithiasis, and four had biliary sludge only. IgA deficiency may predispose to gallbladder infection, and thus to the development of gallstones. Decreased bile acid pool due to intestinal losses, and biliary stasis due to reduced hormonal gallbladder stimulation may also play a role in some cases, but further studies are needed. This association adds a new gastrointestinal abnormality to those known to be associated with selective IgA deficiency.
Subject(s)
Cholelithiasis/etiology , Dysgammaglobulinemia/complications , IgA Deficiency , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholelithiasis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Syndrome , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Nonpyogenic discitis (NPD) is diagnosed on radiograms by the demonstration of the narrow disc-space with involvement of the adjacent vertebral bodies, and with radioisotope--by showing the increased uptake at the same level. Four phases are recognised in the development of the imaging changes. The isotope scan is important, especially in the latent phase of the disease when the radiograms are still negative. Radiologists are urged to consider the possibility of NPD in any child with vague abdominal, leg or back complaints whose origin cannot be ascertained. The experience of imaging diagnosis in five children is described and the differential diagnosis is discussed.
Subject(s)
Intervertebral Disc , Spondylitis/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Diphosphonates , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Technetium , Technetium Tc 99m MedronateABSTRACT
The respective values of intravenous pyelography, ultrasound examination and computerized tomography are compared with the findings at surgery and with histological data in 28 children with malignant tumors of the lumbar fossa. Ultrasound proved to be of significant value in assessing the extent of the tumor. At the present time, computerized tomography is only indicated when intravenous pyelography and ultrasound examination fail to provide adequate information.
Subject(s)
Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lumbosacral Region , Neuroblastoma/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Wilms Tumor/diagnosis , Angiography , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Urography/methodsSubject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Osteoma, Osteoid/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Pain , Radiography , Radionuclide ImagingABSTRACT
Traumatic oesophageal perforation may occur during the intensive care of premature infants due to trauma of the laryngoscope blade, to traumatic intubation with an endotracheal tube or to forced passing of a nasogastric tube. Over a four-year period, three infants of 787 admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit were diagnosed as having this complication. The careful analysis of the position of the nasogastric tube in relation to surrounding structures can be an early clue to the diagnosis of this condition.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Perforation/diagnostic imaging , Iatrogenic Disease , Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Intubation, Gastrointestinal/adverse effects , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Esophageal Perforation/etiology , Humans , Hyaline Membrane Disease/complications , Hyaline Membrane Disease/diagnostic imaging , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature, Diseases/etiology , Male , RadiographyABSTRACT
The bone changes in infants with copper deficiency are typified by osteopenia and the symmetrical appearance of sickle-shaped metaphyseal spurs. Four examples are demonstrated and the differential diagnosis is extensively discussed.
Subject(s)
Bone Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Copper/deficiency , Battered Child Syndrome , Bone Diseases/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Radiography , Rickets/diagnostic imaging , Scurvy/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Two groups of hHG deficient adolescents (isolated growth hormone deficiency: 11 patients and multiple pituitary hormone deficiency: 20 patients) receiving hGH therapy were analyzed for their linear growth response. It was found that even at a chronological age of 15 years or more, growth can be markedly enhanced, depending upon the bone age and pubertal stage in the IGHD patients and upon optimal balance between hGH and sex hormones in the MPHD patients.
Subject(s)
Growth Hormone/therapeutic use , Growth/drug effects , Hypopituitarism/physiopathology , Adolescent , Body Height/drug effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hypopituitarism/drug therapy , Male , Methandrostenolone/therapeutic use , Pituitary Hormones/deficiency , Testosterone/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Congenital syphilis is re-emerging in modern society. The pediatric radiologist may contribute to its early diagnosis. A case of unusual bone involvement with fracture of the olecranon and facial bone lesions is described; the condition had to be differentiated from the "battered child syndrome". The problem of congenital syphilis as an infectious disease versus bone dystrophy is also discussed.
